Endophytes are microorganisms (bacteria or fungi or actinomycetes) that dwell within robust plant tissues by having a symbiotic association. They are ubiquitously associated with almost all plants studied till date. Some commonly found endophytes are those belonging to the genera Enterobacter sp., Colletotrichum sp., Phomopsis sp., Phyllosticta sp., Cladosporium sp., and so forth. Endophytic population is greatly affected by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. They produce a wide range of compounds useful for plants for their growth, protection to environmental conditions, and sustainability, in favour of a good dwelling place within the hosts. They protect plants from herbivory by producing certain compounds which will prevent animals from further grazing on the same plant and sometimes act as biocontrol agents. A large amount of bioactive compounds produced by them not only are useful for plants but also are of economical importance to humans. They serve as antibiotics, drugs or medicines, or the compounds of high relevance in research or as compounds useful to food industry. They are also found to have some important role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, and bioremediation. In this review, we have tried to comprehend different roles of endophytes in plants and their significance and impacts on man and environment.

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B-cell lymphocyte-2 (Bcl-2) is an antiapoptotic protein, which is an important member of Bcl-2 family. The current study involves molecular docking of six antineoplastic phytocompounds from Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. against the protein Bcl-2. Docetaxel, a known inhibitor of Bcl-2 was used as a control in this study. All the studied phytocompounds bound within the same binding pocket as that of Docetaxel and thus can be considered as potential inhibitors of Bcl-2 protein. Among the six phytocompounds studied, AVG4 showed the best docking result, with a minimum pharmacological energy, -198.9 kcal/mol, followed by AVG6 and AVG3 as the second and third best phytocompound while AVL3 has the maximum pharmacological energy -103.8 kcal/mol. AVL3 is involved in cation-pi interactions with the Tyr9 residue of the Bcl-2 protein which is not considered while calculating pharmacological energy scoring function. Calculation of energy due to cation-pi interactions may result in the increase in total binding energy of AVL3, which may significantly increase the pharmacological energy, EPharma by approximately -8 kcal/mol, resulting in another potential anticancer phytocompound.