Photo-chemical-transformations of organophosphate pesticides, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and phorate, using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) namely UV photolysis, UV/H 2 O 2 , UV/Fenton and Fenton systems in aqueous solution were investigated in this work. A laboratory set-up was designed to evaluate and select the optimal oxidation process. Results show that addition of hydrogen peroxide/Fenton's reagent increased the UV degradation rates of all pesticides, and data were simulated through kinetic modeling. Kinetic results evidence pseudo first-order degradation, with the rate constant of reaction as 3.3 × 10 -4 , 2.07 × 10 -2 and 1.

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This chapter provides an introduction to particulate matter by discussing various ways of categorisation, characterisation and their health effects. The natural and anthropogenic sources of atmospheric particulate matter are discussed. The chapter also introduces qualitatively some aerosol concepts, such as their chemical composition and size distribution. Some examples are provided to illustrate how particulate matter, despite being microscopic particles, can manifest themselves in the atmosphere. Finally, the various pathways by which particulate matter impacts the health system are reviewed along with their interactions to understand concept behind the PM-associated health effects.

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This study represents use of organic and inorganic engineered nanoparticles for crop production. The study has been performed on sorghum bicolor plant which is considered to be important staple in semi-arid and arid countries. The result shows that synthesized nanomaterials can be used as plant growth promoter and fertilizer, which can bring an innovation in agricultural industry for biomass gain, fruit and bioenergy production.

The importance of plants and avalible compounds are in highly demand for human consumption as well the medicial purposes. Most of the plants contains many banificial facts such as Anti-oxidant activity, herbal medicine and anti-inflammatory. Considering all these banifical facts and their demand in traditional as well comercial demads we have selected the Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Garlic (Genus allium) and Coffee (Coffea arabica). Theses plants are beneficial because of their Molecular composition and chemical group presents. In Turmeric rhizomes have been found to be a rich source of phenolic compounds, viz.curcuminoids, Curcuminoids [1]. In garlic had been found allinin, ajoene, diallylsulfide, B-vitamins, proteins, saponins, flavonoids and maillard reaction products [2]. The characteristic compound in coffee is caffeine. All of them give to each one the great health benefits.

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