One of a plant that is usually used as a green roadside plant in the urban area is mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla K.). The influence of environmental pollution in plants can be seen from stomata in the leaves. This study was aimed to determine the characteristic of the mahogany leaf stomata in a polluted environment. The observed characteristics were a type of stomata, density and distribution stomata. The research was conducted in March to July 2019 in the Botanical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Science of Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang. Samples were collected on Prof. Dr. Hamka street and controls were collected at Bung Hatta Forest Parks. The method of stomata observation was a replica method. The type of stomata found was anomocytic. The difference in stomata density in both locations was significant. The stomata density on Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka was higher than that of Bung Hatta Forest Parks. Stomata of mahogany were found on the lower part of the leaf or also called hypostomatic distributed.

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Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) is a type of plant that is widely planted on the roadside of urban areas that functions as a green plant. The response from green plants exposed to pollutants originating from motorized vehicles can be seen from the leaf stomata. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the stomata of Ketapang leaves in areas with different environmental conditions. The parameters observed were density and stomata distribution. The sample was taken in Bung Hatta Forest Park and on the edge of Prof. Dr. Hamka streets. Observation of stomata using preparations with replica or mold method. The results showed that there were significant differences in the stomata density of Ketapang leaves in both locations. Stomata density on Prof. Dr. Hamka street is higher than the Bung Hatta Forest Park. The average density of the stomata of Ketapang leaves in Bung Hatta Forest Park is 132738.09/mm2 while at the edge of Prof. Dr. Hamka street is 232142.85/mm2. The distribution of stomata of Ketapang leaves in both locations showed no difference, i.e. they were of the hypostomatic type (stomata were only found on the lower surface of leaves).

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The use of plants in traditional tribal ceremonies is a culture. Kanagarian Tiku are inhabited by 3 tribes, namely Minangkabau, Java and Nias. In carrying out the Traditional Ceremony in Kanagarian Tiku each tribe still uses traditional plants. The traditional ceremonies examined are traditional ceremonies of marriage, birth, death and the first milestone. The purpose of this research is to find out the type of plant, the part used and its function in traditional ceremonies of each tribe. Data collection with survey methods, interviews and plant collections. Respondents interviewed were ninik mamak, tribal chiefs, bundo kanduang and people who used to look for plants for traditional ceremonies. The results showed that 44 plant species were used in traditional ceremonies and belonged to 27 families. Parts of plants used by roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. The most widely used part of the plant leaves 36.4% and the least seeds are only 1%. At the Minangkabau and Javanese tribal wedding ceremonies using 7 species, the Nias tribe is 5 species. In traditional birth ceremonies and the first milestone only performed by Minangkabau tribes using 20 species and 13 species. In the traditional ceremony the death of the Minangkabau tribe uses 10 species, Java 9 species and Nias 6 species. Plants that have the highest utilization rates are found in Piper betle, Areca chatecu, Uncaria gambir, and Nicotiana tabacum with UV 0.33.

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ABSTRACT. Assessment in the 2013 curriculum places more emphasis on cognitive assessment possessed by students. Assessment instruments made by teachers at daily tests are generally still at the C1-C3 cognitive level, instruments that can be used to train students' abilities are at the C4-C6 level. This study aims to produce instruments for assessing higher order thinking skills on Plant material for high, reliable, high school/MA grade X students, difficulty levels, distinguishing features and good quality options. This study uses 4-D models. Which consists of the stages define, design, develop and disseminate. The disseminate stage was not carried out. The subjects of this research were 34 students of SMAN 7 Padang. The validity test results show logically valid questions with an average value of 3.27 with valid criteria. The average practicality value of 98.61% with very practical question criteria, the reliability of the questions is 0.85, and the level of difficulty of the questions between 0.29 to 0.67 with moderate criteria, as well as the questions have a good difference in power and good quality of question options. From the research it can be concluded that an instrument of assessment of high-level thinking ability about Plant material for high-school/MA grade X students has been produced which is valid, reliable, has a moderate level of difficulty, good differentiation and good quality options. ABSTRAK. Penilaian dalam kurikulum 2013 lebih menekankan kepada penilaian kognitif yang dimiliki peserta didik. Instrumen penilaian yang dibuat oleh guru pada ulangan harian umumnya masih berada pada tingkatan kognitif C1-C3, instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk melatih kemampuan peserta didik berada pada tingkatan C4-C6. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan instrumen penilaian kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi pada materi Tumbuhan untuk peserta didik SMA/MA Kelas X  yang valid, reliabel, tingkat kesukaran sedang, daya pembeda dan kualitas option yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan model yaitu 4-D models. Yang terdiri  dari tahap define, design, develop dan disseminate. Tahap dessiminate itu tidak dilakukan.  Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 34 orang siswa SMAN 7 Padang. Hasil uji validitas menunjukkan soal valid secara logis dengan rata-rata nilai yaitu 3,27 dengan kriteria valid. Nilai rata-ra praktikalitas 98,61% dengan kriteria soal sangat praktis, reliabilitas soal yaitu 0,85, serta tingkat kesukaran soal antara 0,29 sampai 0,67 dengan kriteria sedang, serta  soal memiliki daya beda yang baik dan kualitas option soal yang baik. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan telah dihasilkan instrumen penilaian kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi tentang materi Tumbuhan untuk peserta didik SMA/MA kelas X yang valid, reliabel, tingkat kesukaran sedang, daya pembeda yang baik dan kualitas option  yang baik.

Kekayaan vegetasi yang sangat tinggi dapat terdokumentasikan dengan baik dengan pembuatan spesimen herbarium. Herbarium merupakan bagian tumbuhan yang sudah diawetkan dengan teknik-teknik tertentu, diberi label identitas dan umumnya digunakan untuk keperluan ilmiah. Herbarium juga disebut juga dengan gedung atau tempat dimana spesimen itu disimpan. Pembuatan herbarium melewati beberapa tahapan mulai dari pengambilan spesimen kelapangan, pengawetan sementara dilapangan, pengeringan, mounting dan penyimpanan spesimen. Pembuatan spesimen herbarium ini bertujuan untu mendokumentasikan kekeyaaan tumbuhan. Sedangkan manfaatnya dapat digunakan untuk penelitian dan bahan pembelajaran baik di sekolah menengah maupun di perguruan tinggi