Sensory analysis or cup testing has been widely used in the coffee production chain for the validation of final quality. The tasters are responsible for defining the patterns and qualitative profiles of the drink based on the sensorial analysis and according to their gustatory sensibilities, which are often acquired by professional experience. However, the literature has not discussed in detail the relationship between the number of tasters and the consistency of sensorial analysis. Thus, using the bootstrap simulation methodology to estimate the optimum plot size, this study quantifies and proposes a specific number of tasters for the process of sensorial analysis of specialty coffees. The results indicate that the use of 6 tasters is sufficient to conduct sensorial analysis following SCA and BSCA protocol for coffees in the Arabica group, as well as 6 tasters for coil and Conilon coffees. From this number, no gains in precision are observed in the process of sensorial analysis of coffee with addition tasters.
Coffee cultivation is of great socioeconomic importance for the Espírito Santo State, generating, in addition to direct and indirect jobs, financial resources. According to the first survey of the 2019 crop of CONAB, it is expected a production between 12.5 to 14.7 million of benefited bags. Research on coffee cultivation has contributed to the development of new technologies, but the size of plots for experiments with coffee is variable and based mostly on the researcher's experience. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the optimal sizes of experimental plots to evaluate the pre-harvest, production and sensory characteristics of arabica coffee. The modeling applied in this study allows concluding that according to the data tested, it is possible to recommend the optimum size of experimental plots for arabica coffee, for these edaphoclimatic conditions and variety. The conclusions are as follows: it is recommended to use seven or more arabica coffee plants to evaluate the pre-harvest and harvest characteristics (plant height, plant diameter, vigor, and wet mass), and use, at least, seven plants of arabica coffee to evaluate sensory characteristics (fragrance, flavor, aftertaste, acidity, body, uniformity, balance, clean cup, sweetness, overall, and total score).
A cadeia produtiva do café no Brasil apresenta grande importância socioeconômica, gerando divisas, com grande capacidade geradora de empregos, que segundo o primeiro levantamento da safra de 2020 da Conab, o país deverá colher entre 57,15 e 62,02 milhões de sacas beneficiadas de café. Já no Estado do Espírito Santo, a produção prevista pela CONAB encontra-se entre 13,02 milhões e 15,44 milhões de sacas beneficiadas, sendo 30,84% desta de café arábica. A pesquisa na cafeicultura tem contribuído para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, mas o tamanho de parcelas para experimentos com café é variável e baseado na maioria das vezes na experiência do pesquisador. Com isso, o objetivo do trabalho foi determinar os tamanhos ótimos de parcelas experimentais para avaliar características físico-químicas de café arábica, utilizando os métodos do modelo linear de resposta a platô, da máxima curvatura modificado e da comparação de variâncias. A modelagem aplicada neste estudo permite concluir que de acordo com os dados testados que: São necessárias pelo menos 7 plantas por parcela útil de café arábica para avaliar as características ATT, pH e compostos fenólicos totais, pelo método do modelo linear de resposta a platô; 6, 2 e 6 plantas por parcela experimental útil de café arábica para avaliar as características ATT, pH e compostos fenólicos totais, respectivamente, pelo método da máxima curvatura modificado; e para o método da comparação de variâncias são necessárias 4 plantas úteis por parcela experimental para as três características.
The consumption of specialty coffees has been growing year after year, indicating that several niches and market forms according to the sensorial orientation of the consumers, as well as the cupping tasters and agents are responsible for the composition of blends, and for the physical and sensory classification of the coffees in the industry. This study presented 5 methods of spontaneous and induced fermentation to different North American cupping tasters, in order to evaluate coffee quality potential, based on the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) protocol. During the months of May to July of 2017, 150 coffee samples were evaluated. Initial results indicate that North American cupping tasters evaluated dry fermented coffees using yeast culture as superiors, in the sensorial aspect, than the more conventional methods in Brazil. Such indication opens new discussions on the acceptance of a determined product, followed by the potential for modification of the sensory route as of the fermentation that will affect the attributes.
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