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RESUMOGPS sobre a rede de nivelamento geométrico para comparar com o modelo geoidal obtido. As anomalias de altura adicionadas de um termo de correção dependente da topografia derivadas do EGM2008 (grau 2190 e ordem 2159), GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R2 (grau e ordem 240), GOCO02S (grau e ordem 250), EIGEN 51C (grau e ordem 359) e EIGEN 6C (grau e ordem 1420), bem como as alturas geoidais derivadas do MAPGEO2004 (antigo modelo oficial do IBGE) também foram comparadas com os pontos GPS sobre nivelamento.

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Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission is dedicated to measuring temporal variations of the Earth's gravity field. In this study, the Stokes coefficients made available by Groupe de Recherche en Géodésie Spatiale (GRGS) at a 10-day interval were converted into equivalent water height (EWH) for a ~4-year period in the Amazon basin (from July-2002 to May-2006). The seasonal amplitudes of EWH signal are the largest on the surface of Earth and reach ~ 1250mm at that basin's center. Error budget represents ~130 mm of EWH, including formal errors on Stokes coefficient, leakage errors (12 ~ 21 mm) and spectrum truncation (10 ~ 15 mm). Comparison between in situ river level time series measured at 233 groundbased hydrometric stations (HS) in the Amazon basin and vertically-integrated EWH derived from GRACE is carried out in this paper. Although EWH and HS measure different water bodies, in most of the cases a high correlation (up to ~80%) is detected between the HS series and EWH series at the same site. This correlation allows adjusting linear relationships between in situ and GRACE-based series for the major tributaries of the Amazon river. The regression coefficients decrease from up to down stream along the rivers reaching the theoretical value 1 at the Amazon's mouth in the Atlantic Ocean. The variation of the regression coefficients versus the distance from estuary is analysed for the largest rivers in the basin. In a second step, a classification of the proportionality between in situ and GRACE time-series is proposed. KeywoRdS: Spatial geodesy, hydrology, GRACE satellite, Amazon Basin. Variações temporais do equivalente à altura d'água obtidas da Missão Grace e da altura d'água in-situ nos rios da bacia AmazônicaReSUMo A missão espacial Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) é dedicada às medidas das variações temporais no campo gravitacional da Terra. Neste estudo, os coeficientes de Stokes disponibilizados pelo Groupe de Recherche en Géodésie Spatiale (GRGS) com intervalos de 10 dias foram convertidos no equivalente à altura d'água (EWH) para um período de 4 anos na bacia Amazônica (de julho de 2002 a maio de 2006). As amplitudes sazonais do EWH no centro da bacia são as maiores encontradas no mundo (~1250 mm). Os erros na estimativa do EWH são de ~130 mm, incluindo os erros nos coeficientes de Stokes, erros de vazamento de informações das bacias vizinhas (12 ~ 21 mm) e truncamento do espectro (10 ~ 15 mm). Neste trabalho, são feitas comparações entre as informações de altura d'água in-situ medidas em 233 estações hidrológicas (HS) na bacia Amazônica com EWH obtido pelo GRACE. Embora o EWH e as HS meçam diferentes corpos d'água, na maioria dos casos, uma alta correlação (até 80%) é encontrada entre ambas as séries ao mesmo local. Esta alta correlação permite ajustar uma relação linear entre as séries para os maiores tributários do rio Amazonas. O coeficiente de regressão decresce da montante para a vazante, tendendo para o valor teórico 1 na foz do rio Amazonas. A variação des...

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An evaluation of recent GOCE geopotential models in BrazilSeveral global geopotential models based on Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) data have been published in the last two years. Some of these models use combinations of different satellite missions, while others use only GOCE data. This paper presents the evaluation and analysis of each approach using GOCE data in the Southeast of Brazil. Two assessments have been made. We compared the geoid heights derived from GOCE-based models with the geoidal heights from 176 GPS stations on leveling benchmarks. The findings show an improvement in GOCE-based models TIM_R3 (0.40 m) and DIR_R3 (0.39 m) for degree and order 210 in relation to EGM2008 (0.44 m) in terms of RMS. For the other models the results did not exceed 0.44 m. The second evaluation reports the comparison in terms of gravity disturbances between terrestrial gravity data and the models. The results, in terms of RMS and up to degree and order 210, indicate slightly low GOCO 02S values (10.34 mGal), TIM_R2 (10.37 mGal) and TIM_R3 (10.47 mGal) compared to EGM2008 (10.66 mGal). We also applied the residual terrain model and, as a result, the RMS errors were reduced by ~35% (~6.0 mGal) in the entire area and by ~45% in the mountain region.

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