ÖzetAralık 2019 sonu ve 2020 Ocak Ayı başında ortaya çıkan Covid-19 Virüsü bütün dünyada korkulu bir rüya haline geldi. Ölümleri azaltmak, bulaşın ilerleme hızını düşürmek, tedavi çalışmaları için zaman kazanabilmek amacıyla birçok ülkede alınan tedbirler arasında, eğitim kurumlarında ve üniversitelerde sınıf içi yüz yüze eğitime belli bir süre ara vermek ya da tatil ilan etmek gibi düzenlemelerle olabildiğince sosyal mesafe yaratmaya çalışılmıştır. Buna ilişkin olarak Birleşmiş Milletler verilerine göre, dünyada 770 milyon kişilik öğrenen kitle, okulların ve üniversitelerin kapanmasından etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ülkelerin ve üniversitelerin eğitim öğretime ara vermemesini sağlamak adına bir zorunluluk haline gelen uzaktan eğitim çalışmalarının bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Bu kavramsal çalışmada, durum tespiti yaparak çevrimiçi öğrenmenin yüz yüze öğrenmeye göre kriz dönemi sonrasında da ana akım öğrenme haline dönüşmesi konusu ele alınmaktadır.

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BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates have been decreasing in Turkey since the early 1990s. Our study aimed to determine how much of the CHD mortality decrease in Turkey between 1995 and 2008 could be attributed to temporal trends in major risk factors and how much to advances in medical and surgical treatments.MethodsThe validated IMPACT CHD mortality model was used to combine and analyse data on uptake and effectiveness of CHD treatments and risk factor trends in Turkey in adults aged 35–84 years between 1995 and 2008.Data sources were identified, searched and appraised on population, mortality and major CHD risk factors for adults those aged 35–84 years. Official statistics, electronic databases, national registers, surveys and published trials were screened from 1995 onwards.ResultsBetween 1995 and 2008, coronary heart disease mortality rates in Turkey decreased by 34% in men and 28% in women 35 years and over. This resulted in 35,720 fewer deaths in 2008.Approximately 47% of this mortality decrease was attributed to treatments in individuals (including approximately 16% to secondary prevention, 3% angina treatments, 9% to heart failure treatments, 5% to initial treatments of acute myocardial infarction, and 5% to hypertension treatments) and approximately 42% was attributable to population risk factor reductions (notably blood pressure 29%; smoking 27%; and cholesterol 1%). Adverse trends were seen for obesity and diabetes (potentially increasing mortality by approximately 11% and 14% respectively). The model explained almost 90% of the mortality fall.ConclusionReduction in major cardiovascular risk factors explained approximately 42% and improvements in medical and surgical treatments explained some 47% of the CHD mortality fall. These findings emphasize the complimentary value of primary prevention and evidence-based medical treatments in controlling coronary heart disease.

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BACKGROUND

We showed that the surgical procedure and/or accompanying anesthetic procedure may cause a temporary or permanent regression in cognitive function in the early postoperative period. However, better cognitive performance could not be proved in the Sugammadex compared to the Neostigmine.

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