Hypertensive crisis (HC) includes hypertensive urgency (HU) and hypertensive emergency (HE). There is scarcity of data on the epidemiology of patients presenting with HC in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of HU and HE. We conducted a cross‐sectional study from June 2018 until June 2019. The criteria to define a hypertensive crisis were systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥180/110 mm Hg. We compared HU vs HE. Out of the 1536 patients admitted, 95(6.2%) had a HC. There were 49(51.6%) men and 56 (58.9%) had a HE. The mean age was 51.1 ± 14.9 years. A history of hypertension was found in 75.3% of the patients but only 24.2% were on treatment. 33.7% consumed alcohol and 24.2% had chronic kidney disease. Headache (34.7%), dyspnea (34.7%), and neurological deficit (23.2%) were the most common symptoms. Patients with HE had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures though the difference was not significant. The most frequent forms of HE were acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema (44.6%), intracerebral hemorrhage (21.4%), and cerebral infarction (16.1%). The most commonly prescribed medication was labetalol (44.2%). Mean length of hospital stay was 8.4 days. Patients with HE had a longer hospital stay (9.8 vs 6.3 days, P < .001). In‐hospital case fatality was 6.3%. Hypertensive crisis accounted for 6.2% of admissions in the medical unit with HE being more common than HU. Acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema and stroke were the most frequent target organ lesions in HE.
Purpose of The Study:The aim of this study was to describe sexual function disorders and investigate associated factors in women on maintenance hemodialysis in Cameroon.
Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of three months duration (August-October 2014) in adult women on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) at three HD facilities in Cameroon. Patients with active psychiatric disease, infection or uncontrolled congestive heart failure were excluded. We use the Rosen questionnaire for evaluating female sexual function (FSFI), the Beck depression Inventory (BDI) and the short form (SF-36) of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life (QOL). Logistic regressions were used to investigate the predictors of sexual function disorders.
Results:We included 52 women with the mean age of 38±13 years (min-max: 18-69), with 31 (62%) being of child-bearing age (18-44 years). All participants had at least one sexual function abnormality including sexual dysfunction (75%), abnormalities of the menstrual cycle (83%), and sexual inactivity (30%). In women of child-bearing age, reported menstrual disorders were: irregular menses (45%), non-gravid amenorrhea (40%), oligo-menorrhea (25%), poly-menorrhea (25%), metrorrhagia (6%), and menorrhagia (3%). Ten of the 31 women had more than one menstrual disorder. Sexual dysfunction included: decreased sexual desire (56%), decreased sexual arousal (39%), decreased vaginal lubrication (49%), and failure to achieve orgasm (46%), sexual dissatisfaction (51%), and dyspareunia (36%). Advanced age (p = 0.0046), depression (p<0.0001), anemia (p=0.0005) and poor quality of life were negatively associated with sexual dysfunction. Sexual inactivity (p = 0.035) was equally associated with poor quality of life.
Conclusion:Our results suggest that disorders of sexual function are common in women on maintenance hemodialysis, and are associated with depression, poor quality of life, advanced age, and anemia.
BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing an epidemic of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as a result of a rapid epidemiological transition. Little is known about the admission for CVD and outcome in rural and semi-urban settings in Cameroon in this era of epidemiological transition. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the pattern of CVD admissions in the South West region of Cameroon.MethodsThis retrospective descriptive study included all adult patients admitted for CVD in the medical unit of the Buea Regional Hospital between Jan 2016 and December 2017.ResultsOut of the 3140 patients admitted, 499(15.9%) had CVD. There were 304(60.9%) females. The mean age was 58.7±16.2 years. There was no age difference between men and women (59.7 years vs 58.1years, p = 0.29). The most commonly affected age group was those aged 50–59 years (22%). Heart failure (38.5%), stroke (33.3%) and uncontrolled hypertension (22.4%) were the most prevalent CVDs. The length of hospital stay ranged from 1 to 37 days with a median length of hospital stay of 7 days. In-hospital case fatality was 78(15.8%). Mortality was higher in women compared to men (9% vs 7%, p = 0.43). The case fatality for stroke was higher compared to case fatality for heart failure (21.7% vs 16.7%, p = 0.23).ConclusionCVDs are a common cause of hospital admission in this semi-urban setting, dominated by heart failure. Women were disproportionately affected and it was associated with high mortality. Prevention, early detection and management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease are imperative given the growing burden of CVD in SSA to reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.
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