ÖzetAmaç: Medikal tedaviye dirençli fibromiyalji hastalarında motor korteks alana uygulanan düşük frekanslı tekrarlayıcı transkraniyal manyetik stimülasyonun (tTMS) etkinliğini araştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Toplam 25 hasta randomize olarak aktif ve plasebo gruplarına ayrılarak çalışmaya alındı. Aktif tTMS grubu için stimülasyon sol primer motor korteks üzerinden motor eşik değerin %90'ı hesaplanarak 1 Hz ve 20 dakika uygulandı. Her seansta 1200 uyarı olmak üzere, iki hafta boyunca toplam 10 seans tedavi uygulandı. Plasebo grup için, parabolik koil 90° açı ile motor kortekse yerleştirildi ve aynı şekilde toplam 10 seans stimülasyon uygulandı. Sonuçlar, ağrı için vizüel analog skalası (VAS), Fibromiyalji Etkinlik Anketi (FIQ) ve Beck Depresyon Skalası (BDS) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da tedavi sonunda, 1 ve 3. ay sonunda ağrı derecesinde, FIQ ve BDS'de anlamlı iyileşme gözlendi. Ancak, aktif tTMS grubunda iyileşme plasebo gruba göre daha iyiydi. Tedavi sonu FIQ skorlarında aktif grupta, plasebo gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iyileşme gözlendi. Diğer değerlendirmelerde gruplar arasında istatistiksel farklılık saptanmadı. Sonuç: Primer motor korteks üzerine düşük doz tTMS uygulamasının uzun süreli takiplerde fibromiyalji hastalarında plaseboya göre anlamlı iyileşme göstermediği görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Fibromiyalji, transkraniyal manyetik stimülasyon, ağrı AbstractObjective: To investigate the effectiveness of low-frequency (LF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the motor cortex area in fibromyalgia patients who are resistant to medical treatment. Material and Methods: A total of 25 patients were randomly assigned to the study, who were in the active rTMS (n=13) or sham stimulation (n=12) group. For the rTMS group, the main stimulation parameters were 90% of motor threshold for 60 seconds at 1 Hz and a 45-second interval between each train. Ten sessions of low-frequency rTMS, which had a total of 1200 pulses at each session, were applied to the left primary motor cortex area daily over a period of 2 weeks. For the sham group, the same parabolic coil was placed at 90° angles to the motor cortex area, and the patients received 10 sessions of sham stimulation. The outcome parameters were pain intensity, which was measured by visual analog scale (VAS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: A significant improvement in pain intensity, FIQ, and BDI scores was seen at the 10 th day and first and third months in both groups. Although the mean of parameters of the rTMS groups was better than the sham group, the difference did not reach statistical significance, except FIQ scores at the 10 th day in the real rTMS group. Conclusion: Patients with fibromyalgia who enroll in real TMS did not present significant differences in long-term follow-ups with respect to those who enrolled in the sham TMS group.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of polyneuropathy in diabetic patients by examination of the median and ulnar nerves. [Subjects and Methods] Sixty-three diabetic patients and fourteen controls were enrolled in the study. Nerve conduction studies were performed on both upper and lower limbs. Median and ulnar nerve cross-sectional areas were measured at the wrist and forearm levels in 140 hands by ultrasound. [Results] The median nerve cross-sectional area was increased at the hook of hamatum, pisiform bone, and radioulnar joint levels in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. The ulnar nerve area at the medial epicondyle was significantly increased in the diabetic polyneuropathy (9.2 ± 1.6), diabetic polyneuropathy plus carpal tunnel syndrome (9.3 ± 1.4), and carpal tunnel syndrome (9.2 ± 1.9) groups compared with the control group (7.7 ± 1.1). In receiver operating characteristics analysis, the cutoff value of the ulnar nerve was 8.5 mm2 at ulnar epicondyle with 71.4% specificity and 70.4% sensitivity, corresponding to the highest diagnostic accuracy for diabetic polyneuropathy. [Conclusion] Ultrasonographic examination of the median and ulnar nerves can be an alternative or additional diagnostic modality for the evaluation of neuropathies in diabetic patients.
In this study, we aimed to investigate static and dynamic balance, reaction time, attention and BMI values at the athletes being in the individual and team sport. 78 individual athletes (karate 17, judo 15, Gymnastics 14, table tennis 12, wrestling 20) and 58 team athletes (handball 23, basketball 13, volleyball 10, football 12) with formal licensed and average ages 13.08±1.36 years were participated as voluntarily. For demographic characteristics, participants have filled in questionnaires and Bass Stick static balance, Y dynamic balance, Nelson hand reaction time and D2 attention test were applied. First, we have applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of the data, the normal distribution is observed and then independent t test was used. In order to see the relationship between data, Pearson’s correlation test was applied. The average sporting age of participants was 4.32 ± 1.87 years, height 1.59 ± 0.11m, body weight 50.18 ± 12.74 kg and per week training time 10.33 ± 4.41 hours. In addition, their BMI values were19.49 ± 3.10 kg/m2 which is in the normal range, i.e., no difference between individual and team athletes was observed. It has been observed that for individual athletes, total number of items is 525.42 ± 108.29, total number of errors is 454.04 ± 105.86, concentration performance is 182.14 ± 62.53, reaction rime is 0.29 ± 0.06 sec, static balance is 7.10 ± 4.49 sec, dynamic balance is 208.37 ± 32.20 cm. On the other hand, for team athletes, these values were 500.59 ± 79.70, 382.31 ± 93.60, 168.35 ± 56.51, 0.26 ± 0.05 sec, 5.68 ± 2.67 sec and 187.15 ± 29.99 cm, respectively. We have found that while age increased the static and dynamic balance increased, but training time increased solely the dynamic balance increased. In addition, when taking into account the static and dynamic balance, it has been observed that the individual athletes were better than the team athletes but for the reaction time was contrary, i.e., team athletes were better than the individual ones.
Aim:The aim was to explore the relationship between body mass index and weight perception, eating problems and physical activity in university students. Material and Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out amongst undergraduate students (n= 491) from a state university. The Eating Attitudes Test, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a demographic information form were utilized for data collection. The descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA test and chi-square test were adjusted for data analysis.Results: 21% of the students were overweight. Weight perception, weight control behaviours, life satisfaction and eating attitudes differed among underweight, normal-weight, and overweight students (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The overweight students were at an increased risk of weight misperception, weight loss efforts, life dissatisfaction and eating problems. Prevention efforts should focus on improving eating patterns, physical activity and mental health among students. Keywords
ÖzBu çalışmada farklı branşlardaki sporcuların statik denge, alt-üst ekstremite dinamik denge ve reaksiyon zamanları arasında fark olup olmadığının belirlenmesi ve bu özelliklerin birbirleriyle ilişkilerini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Adana ilinde spor yapan, branşlarında (judo, karate, basketbol, hentbol) en az 1 yıllık geçmişe sahip yaşları 13,11±1,32 yıl, boyları 161,97±10,01 cm, ağırlıkları 51,79±12,21kg, 46 kadın ve 25 erkek toplam 71 sporcu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda; branşlara göre statik denge ve reaksiyon zamanı arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Branşlara göre judocular lehine alt ekstremite dinamik denge skorlarında p=0,003 ve basketbolcular lehine üst ekstremite dinamik denge skorlarında p=0,006 anlamlı farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Reaksiyon zamanı değerleri ile statik denge değerleri arasında ve reaksiyon zamanı değerleri ile alt ekstremite dinamik denge skorları arasında anlamlı ilişki çıkmamıştır. üst ekstremite dinamik denge skorları ile reaksiyon zamanı değerleri arasında düşük (r=─0,232) bir ilişki (p=0,05) bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, çıplak ayakla farklı zeminlerde yapılan bireysel mücadele sporlarıyla, ayakkabıyla ve topla yapılan takım sporları sporcuları arasında üst ekstremite dinamik denge ve reaksiyon sürati açısından farklılaşma olduğu, basketbol ve hentbol sporcularının normal çalışmalarına ek olarak minder, tatami gibi yumuşak zeminlerde denge çalışmaları yapmalarının dinamik dengelerini geliştirebileceği söylenebilir. AbstractAt this research, it was aimed to determine if there is any difference among static balance, dynamic balance of lower-upper extremity and reaction time of athletes at different sport branches and to search each relations of these particulars. The research, was carried out totally on 71 athletes 46 female and 25 male whose weight were 51,79±12,21kg, heights were 161,97±10,01cm, ages 13,11±1,32 years who sports at the city of Adana and has minimum one year background at there sport branches (judo, karate, basketball, handball). In line with findings obtained significant differences between static balance and reaction time compared to sport branches. Compared to sport branches, significant difference were seen in favor of judo athletes at lower extremity dynamic balance scores p=0,003 and in favor of basketball athletes at upper extremity dynamic balance scores p=0,006. There was no significant relationship between reaction time values and static balance scores, and between reaction time values and lower extremity dynamic balance scores. A lower levels negative relationship was seen between upper extremity dynamic balance scores and reaction time values (r= -0,232) (p=0,05). As a result, it has been found that there is a difference in upper extremity dynamic balance values, reaction time between individual combat sports and team sports. In addition to the normal trainings of basketball and handball athletes, it can be said that performing balance exercises on soft surfaces such as mat and tatami may impro...
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