ackground: Majority of the nasal lesions are polypoid. It is difficult to comment upon the nature of the nasal lesion- whether neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Hence histopathological examination is essential for both ENT surgeons as well as pathologists. Aim to study the incidence of different nasal lesion. Also, to find out frequency of inflammatory, benign and malignant conditions of nasal lesions and to compare various histopathological lesions of nasal mass in relation to age, sex and site distribution.Methods: The present study was undertaken in histopathology laboratory of Department of Pathology, P.D.U. medical college and hospital, Rajkot for period of 2 years from October 2013 to September 2015. A histopathological study of total 100 cases of nasal lesions was done. Tissue were processed and studied.Results: Out of 100 cases, 59 were males and 41 were females. Male to Female ratio was 1.44:1. Maximum numbers of nasal lesions were detected in age group of 11-20 years with 24 (24.00%) cases. Out of these 100 cases, 80 (80.00%) were non neoplastic and 20 (20.00%) were of neoplastic origin. In neoplastic lesions, 12(12.00%) were benign, 1 (1.00%) was borderline and 7 (7.00%) were malignant nasal lesions. Non neoplastic lesions were composed of the majority of cases followed by benign neoplastic lesions.Conclusions: Most of malignant neoplastic lesions were occurs after 40 years of age. Incidence of malignant neoplastic lesions was increase with advanced age.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined as a pattern of bleeding that does not correspond with the duration, amount and frequency of the flow of a normal menstrual cycle. The cause of AUB varies according to the age, endometrial response to hormones and its variations and other structural lesions. Endometrial sampling by endometrium curettage is safe and easy technique and its histopathological analysis is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of the etiology of AUB. Aims and objective was to evaluate the spectrum of endometrial histology in cases of AUB, to find out age wise incidence of AUB, and to find out age wise incidence of various histological pattern of endometrium in AUB.Methods: An observational study was conducted on dilatation and curettage material which were obtained from 110 women with a complaint of AUB attending the gynecology outpatient department (OPD) at tertiary care hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat during one year (August 2020 to July 2021).Results: Maximum number of cases of AUB were noted in the age group of (31-40) years (44 cases, 40%). Most common observed histopathological pattern in this study was normal cyclical patterns including proliferative endometrium (34.5%) and secretory endometrium (21%).Conclusions: Histopathological evaluation of endometrium is indicated in women over the age of 35 years presenting with AUB to rule out preneoplastic lesions and malignancies.

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease mainly affects peripheral nervous system, the skin and other tissues such as the muscles, bones and joints, eyes, reticuloendothelial system, testis etc. To reduce global load of leprosy, it is essential to have an early and proper diagnosis by clinical and histopathological correlation followed by proper and complete treatment. Aims and Objectives were 1) to study histopathological spectrum of various subtypes of leprosy, 2) to study the age and gender wise incidence of different subtypes of leprosy, and 3) to assess the concordance between clinical and histological diagnosis in cases of leprosy using Ridley-Jopling scale.Methods: A retrospective observational study of 126 skin biopsies diagnosed as leprosy over a period of one year from August 2020 to July 2021 at P. D.U. Medical College and Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat.Results: In this study, most of cases occurred in age group (21-40) years (50.8%) and showed marked male predominance with M:F ratio=2.7:1. Lepromatous leprosy (40.5%) was the most common histopathological type of leprosy. Maximum clinicopathological correlation seen in HL (100%), LL (90%) and TT (71.4%).Conclusions: Histopathological examination of skin biopsies and clinicopathological correlation both are essential for early and accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy which is helpful in prevention of deformities and drug resistance by early and appropriate treatment.

During pregnancy there is progressive anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes not only confined to the genital organs but also to all systems of the body.1 any of these changes begin soon after remarkable adaptations occur in response to physiological stimuli provided by the fetus or fetal tissues. Equally astounding is the fact that the woman who is pregnant returns almost completely to her pre-pregnancy state after delivery and cessation of lactation. 2 The understanding of these adaptations to pregnancy is necessary. Because, for example hemoglobin concentration less than 12 gm /dl which define anemia in general population, is not considered indicative of anemia in pregnancy because of a physiological change called hemodilution of pregnancy.

INTRODUCTIONCervical Lymphadenopathy is common clinical presentation in many infectious and neoplastic diseases in any age group. Most common lesions are reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, tuberculous lymphadenitis, lymphomas and metastatic lesions. Metastatic malignancy is a more common etiology of peripheral lymphadenopathy than lymphoma, especially in patients over 40 years of age.1 For diagnosis of metastatic lymphadenopathy FNAC not only give diagnosis but give the clue regarding the nature and origin of primary malignancy.Tuberculosis is the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy in developing countries, like in our country India, in young age group populations. In old age group, metastatic lymphadenopathy is commonest cause. The use of FNAC for diagnosis of metastatic malignancy in cervical lymphnodes is well established method. 3FNAC is a very cost effective, simple procedure, free of complication, well tolerated by patients done on outpatient basis and easily repeatable. 4 Aim of this study is to study various metastatic lesions in cervical lymphnodes in known and occult primary tumors.Clinical history, physical examination, relevant correct performance of FNA and proper handling of aspirate are the major component in management of patient with lymphadenopathy. 5A Correct diagnosis helps in starting specific therapy in time thus reducing morbidity and mortality. 5 The cause of metastatic lesions of cervical lymphnodes are carcinomas includes squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), ABSTRACTBackground: cervical lymphadenopathy is a common clinical presentation in many diseases. Metastatic lymphadenopathy is common in old age group patient. FNAC is simple, cost effective, reliable and rapid method for diagnosis of metastatis in cervical lymphnodes. FNAC not only give the diagnosis but also give the clue regarding the origin of primary tumor. Methods: Total 144 cases of metastatic lesions of cervical lymphnode were studied from Aug.13 to July 14 by FNAC in cytology section of pathology department in P.D.U. medical college, Rajkot, (Gujarat) India. Result: Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common metastatic lesions of cervical lymphnode comprising (75 %). Metastatic lesions of cervical lymphnode occur more commonly after age of 40 years and more common in male. In anterior cervical lymphnodes, level I and II lymphnodes usually involved where primary was in mouth -buccal mucosa,tongue and level V lymphnodes (supraclavivular lymphnode) involved where primary was in lung. Conclusion: FNAC is a cost effective, reliable, rapid and inexpensive method for diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. Cytology of Metastatic lesions in cervical lymph nodes gives clue to nature & origin of tumors.