RESUMOHá relatos da utilização da planta Cannabis sativa para fins medicinais no tratamento de diversas doenças. Sua utilização é milenar e atualmente a planta vem sendo estudada para o tratamento de doenças como o glaucoma, convulsões epilépticas e no alívio de dores e espasmos musculares. O principal composto químico estudado da planta é o canabidiol,por não ser psicoativo, o qual atua em diversos sistemas de receptores sem apresentar efeitos adversos tóxicos. Essa revisão tem como objetivo analisar os benefícios da Cannabis sativa e seu uso terapêutico para o tratamento da epilepsia, mostrando a importância do seu uso medicinal, das ações farmacológicas e seus efeitos adversos. Nos dias de hoje não se compreende perfeitamente o potencial terapêutico da planta, mas existem muitos avanços na área que permitemsua utilização segura em algumas patologias, como é o caso do glaucoma eda epilepsia. Há algumas formas farmacêuticas que já se encontram disponíveis para uso, como é o caso doBedrocan®, Bedrobinol®, Bedica®, Bediol®,Sativex®,que estão sendo comercializada em países como Canadá, Holanda, Alemanha, Portugal, Itália, Finlândia e nos Estados Unidos da América. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de publicações referentes a estudos sobre hipertensão arterial e a adesão do tratamento através da plataforma de dados no Google Acadêmico, Scielo e LILACS. Dessa maneira, a pesquisa, identificação e a manipulação de seus componentes químicos, se mostram eficazes, apesar de que as questões de políticas públicas sejam complicadas e limitadas em diversos países por terem a proibição do uso da Cannabis.
consistem em um ambiente de alta complexidade, no qual os pacientes, de modo geral, fazem uso de uma grande quantidade de medicamentos e estão, por conta disso, estão sujeitos a uma variedade de Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos (PRM). Por conta disso, é essencial que exista a atuação do farmacêutico clínico neste ambiente com a finalidade de promover o uso racional de medicamentos, auxiliar na farmacoterapia correta e segura do paciente, minimizar riscos e diminuir custos. Tais ações podem ser adotadas a partir da análise farmacêutica da prescrição médica, sobretudo no que diz respeito à compatibilidade dos medicamentos, possíveis interações e reações adversas, dosagem, dentre outros. Considerando tal problemática, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, a classificação das intervenções farmacêuticas realizadas em UTIs do Brasil. Foram utilizados para a pesquisa, artigos publicados nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs e CAPES. Os resultados encontrados evidenciaram que as principais intervenções farmacêuticas em UTIs dizem respeito ao manejo da diluição, ajuste de dose ou tempo de infusão e interações medicamentosas. Conclui-se que há uma boa aceitação das intervenções por parte dos prescritores, o que destaca a importância e a valorização do trabalho farmacêutico nas equipes que atuam em UTIs.
Self-medication is one of the main public health problems that has been growing in Brazil and in the world in recent years. Thus, the present study aims to verify and evaluate self-medication in public health in Brazil, its risk factors and the role of the pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team as an advisor in the rational use of medications. A bibliographic review was carried out using SciELO and Google Scholar databases with the intention of collecting data on the numbers of registered cases and deaths. According to the reviewed literature, self-medication in Brazil is linked to several factors. Among them, it can be highlighted the excessive advertising and easy access to medications in pharmacies. Moreover, the analysis pointed out that 77% of the population adhere to this practice; males represent about 40% of the cases. The indiscriminate use of these drugs and their associations can cause several adverse effects and intoxications that can lead the patient to death. According to the National Toxic-Pharmacological Information System (SINITOX) (SINITOX-Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas), only in 2017, about 27.11% of the registered intoxications were caused by medications, with 20,637 cases e 50 deaths. One way of controlling self-medication is the humanization of health services, especially in the public network. Therefore, The Federal Pharmacy Council (Conselho Federal de Farmácia-CFF) implemented the Resolution 586 on August 29 th , 2013, a guideline about the prescription of overthe-counter medications. In this context, the pharmacist has great relevance as an advisor and health agent. This professional collaborates for the rational use of medicines and the reduction of selfmedication cases. Finally, pharmaceutical assistance projects intended to guide the correct use of medicines would be of paramount importance to the population, thus reducing public health problems, mainly related to self-medication.
Heart failure is a chronic disease that compromises the patient's quality of life, due to its symptoms, such as: tiredness/fatigue, exercise intolerance, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. The aim of the present study was to intervene and assist in the treatment of Heart Failure patient with pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches in order to improve the quality of life and patient compliance regarding the existing disease. Pharmaceutical consultations were carried out over a seven-month period with a patient that suffers from Heart Failure, resident of Umuarama-PR, treated at home. The SOAP method was adopted for the registration of consultations for later analysis, and the measurement of blood pressure was performed by the patient, using the HBPM method. For the analysis of interactions, the Micromedex database and the patient’s package leaflet were used.The patient had a significant decrease in his BP with the follow-up; however, he showed resistance to going to the doctor. After some guidance, the patient agreed to go to the consultation and he was diagnosed with Renal Failure and Prostatic Hyperplasia. It is concluded that pharmaceutical care can be an effective alternative in obtaining better clinical results and helps to improve the patient's quality of life, since it can provide awareness of their health status and the need for the correct use of medications, making the most effective and safe treatment.
According to the World Health Organization, researchers estimate that the spread of vaccines has allowed worldwide life expectancy to increase by 30 years in the past two centuries. Despite these advances, there are major challenges to be overcome to expand immunization coverage. Currently, the Unified Health System (SUS) offers a total of 19 vaccines that protect against more than 40 diseases free of charge. Therefore, the objective of the study was to study and analyze the current state of Brazilian vaccination in relation to infectious diseases eradicated in the country. For the development of the work, data from the Ministry of Health, published scientific articles in the Google academic, SCIELO and PubMed databases, epidemiological bulletins, as well as relevant studies and reports published on websites and internet portals through the descriptors, vaccination in Brazil, vaccination delay in Brazil, vaccines available in the single system were used (SUS). Through this work, it is concluded that the lack of information in a set of other factors generates the non-vaccination of the population, resulting in the return of previously eradicated diseases.
Opuntia ficus-indica Haw (Cactaceae) is a xerophilous plant, developing in arid and semi-arid climates popularly known as prickly pear, fig tree or nopal. This study aimed to determine the beneficial effects of phytochemicals present in Opuntia ficus-indica. To this end, a literature review was carried out in the Google Scholar® and PubMed databases using the health descriptors: Opuntia ficus-indica, prickly pear and nopal, until 2020. As an inclusion criterion, the articles were analyzed based on the quality of the hypothesis / objective description; quality of the description of the outcome to be studied; characterization of the included sample; quality of the description and discussion of the main photochemical compounds found in Opuntia ficus-indica related to the benefits for human health; quality of the description of the study's main findings. Cladodes are the most used part of the plant, where most of the important beneficial properties that are used for human health and disease prevention are concentrated. In view of what is available in the literature, it is concluded that it is a plant that has not been explored much, therefore, more studies are needed for new discoveries to be made about the biological activities of the plant under study.
Currently the accelerated and troubled routine ends up also affecting children and adolescents, who are still unable to develop, express and assimilate what happens to them, internally and externally, understand their pains and suffering; thus, they end up developing mental disorders, such as depression. Given the importance of seeking more information about depression, this study aimed to produce a bibliographic review article on depression in childhood and adolescence and its characteristics. The databases Pubmed (US National Library of Medicine), Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Google ScholarⓇ were used in the present study, using the descriptors: depression, psychotropic drugs, mental disorders and psychotherapy. The articles analyzed were written in Portuguese, English and Spanish, for the past 22 years. For the diagnosis of children or adolescents, the clinical investigation has its particularities, the anamnesis must be more in-depth and it must go beyond the parents' complaint and the history of the child or adolescent. During treatments, psychopharmaceuticals can be used, as well as alternative therapies, such as supportive psychotherapy, interpersonal therapy, brief dynamic psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, among others. However, according to studies carried out recently, the use of psychotropic drugs in children and adolescents brings worrying revelations. It is concluded, through the study, that care must be taken both in the diagnosis and in the treatment of depression in children and adolescents.
With the advancement of medicine, the vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) was developed. HPV is a sexually transmitted virus and the vaccine is a skillful means of preventing transmission. However, the vaccine needs to be applied to the at-risk population, young women and men. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to highlight comprehensive studies on the applicability of the vaccine to the population in an efficient manner. The research will approach a wide review of scientific articles published in recent years, the collection will be carried out in the Google Scholar Database, MEDLINE and SciELO, allowing a discourse analysis of the selected works, and thus, building a critical analysis resulting from the information gathered about the population at risk, effectiveness and stigmas of non-vaccination. In a critical analysis, it was corroborated that although vaccination has proven to be effective, the population at risk is not totally immune to the virus, since the stigmas imposed by contemporary society end up preventing vaccination from happening in 100% of the population. Thus, the study confirmed the need for permanent prevention policies in health units that aim at health education so that vaccination can reach the entire population at risk.
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