No abstract

The intrinsic properties and widespread presence of plastic particles in the marine environment have profound effects on birds inhabiting the world's oceans. Industrial and user-plastics composed of polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, styrofoam, and polyvinyl chloride are the most prevalent forms of plastic marine pollution. Their dispersal and accumulation, in average densities of 1000 to 4000 pieces km-2, are controlled by surface currents, wind patterns, and different geographic inputs. Seabirds in the order ProceUariiformes are most vulnerable to the effects of plastic ingeshon due to their smaller gizzard and their inability to regurgitate ingested plastics. Planktivores have a higher incidence of ingested plastics than do piscivores as the former are more likely to confuse plastic pellets with copepods, euphausiids, and cephalopods. Hence, &et may be a major factor determining the quantity of plastic ingested. Physiological effects related to the ingestion of plastics include obstruction of the gastrointestines and of subsequent passage of food into the intestines, blockage of gastric enzyme secretion, diminished feeding stimulus, lowered steroid hormone levels, delayed ovulation and reproductive failure. As plastic manufacture and use increases and subsequent disposal at sea becomes more extensive, the impact of dscarded plastic on birds inhabiting the marine environment may also be expected to increase. WiLliarn Beebe

No abstract

The small didelphid marsupial

Há variação temporal no encalhe de resíduos sólidos urbanos em manguezais? Um estudo de caso no manguezal de Ratones, Florianópolis, Brasil. Áreas de manguezais estão diminuindo em todo o mundo devido às fortes pressões antrópicas geradas pelo crescimento populacional. Entre as atividades mais danosas, estão aterramentos, carcinicultura e o despejo de resíduos. Quanto aos resíduos sólidos, os estudos de padrões espaciais e temporais de encalhe são necessários para entender sua dinâmica, identificar possíveis fontes de despejo e entender seu papel na dispersão de organismos nas áreas naturais. Neste estudo, foi analisada a variação temporal de encalhe de resíduos sólidos no manguezal de Ratones, noroeste da ilha de Santa Catarina (Brasil), durante um ano. Os resíduos encalhados em oito parcelas de 50 m 2 alocadas aleatoriamente foram coletados, quantificados e qualificados in situ mensalmente. Itens de plástico e nylon (ambos derivados de petróleo) representam 80% dos resíduos encalhados. Houve diferença significativa no encalhe temporal para o plástico, contudo não para o nylon. Os resíduos foram encontrados em todas as amostras e durante todo o ano, sendo algumas áreas mais afetadas. Áreas com densa borda de Spartina alterniflora Loisel (Poaceae) parecem ter menos resíduos no interior do bosque, talvez devido ao efeito de malha destas formações de gramíneas atuando como uma barreira. Os resultados encontrados refletem aspectos preocupantes para conservação, pois este manguezal é constantemente impactado pelo encalhe de resíduos sólidos urbanos, com maior concentração em áreas importantes como berçário.

The Arvoredo Marine Biological Reserve (RBMA) is a protected area in southern Brazil created in 1990 to safeguard the marine biodiversity of the Arvoredo Archipelago. There are only few studies about bird assemblage in most of the Brazilian coastal islands, including this protected area. Therefore, this paper presents the first complete list of birds for RBMA based on data from literature and surveys between 1986 and 2012 on islands and surrounding waters. Birds were recorded during captures using mist-nets and opportunistic observations on land in January 2012, as well as in monthly strip-transects and sectors on sea between 2010 and 2012. The present list includes 84 species (15 captured) from primary data and 22 species from other sources, totaling 106 species from 37 families. Bird assemblage in the RBMA is composed by 44 aquatic birds and 62 landbirds, whereas 13 are endemic to the Atlantic Forest and 12 are threatened. As expected due to the diversity of habitats, Arvoredo and Galé Islands supported the richest assemblages in the RBMA. The number of species in the whole RBMA is smaller than bigger islands elsewhere in the Atlantic Forest domain, but similar to same-sized and same-habitat ones. Our results highlight the importance of this reserve as a suitable and isolated habitat to forest species. Deserta Island is an important site for nesting, resting, and foraging seabirds.

Resumo Este trabalho relata as intervenções socioambientais realizadas a partir dos resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o encalhe de resíduos no manguezal, estudo este desenvolvido por uma equipe de acadêmicos do Curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), de outubro de 2008 a junho de 2010. Foram realizadas atividades de pesquisa e educação ambiental em prol da conservação de manguezais, destinação adequada de resíduos sólidos urbanos e redução na produção destes. A pesquisa envolveu doze meses de coleta de dados em campo sobre o encalhe de resíduos sólidos e intervenções socioambientais, as quais se deram através de diversas palestras, oficinas, cursos e materiais didáticos destinados a diferentes grupos sociais. Nesse processo, os acadêmicos difundiram ideias e levantaram questões para reflexão em um diversificado público de Florianópolis. Palavras-chave: Educação ambiental. Mangue. Resíduos sólidos. Pontal do Jurerê. Florianópolis. RESEARCH AND EXTENSION FOR MANGROVE CONSERVATION Abastract This article aims to present the social and environmental interventions performed from the results of a research about solid waste stranding in mangrove. This work was developed by an academic team from Biological Sciences' Course at Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) from October 2008 to June 2010. The group had made researches and environmental education activities for mangrove conservation, solid waste reduction and proper discard of it. The research involved a year of field data collection about solid waste stranding. The environmental education was made possible through activities like occasional lectures, workshops, courses and didactic materials production. With these actions the team spread ideas and raised issues to think about in a varied community of Florianopolis city.