Introduction: Self-care behaviors are the most important factor in diabetes management, and improving such behaviors is the cornerstone in helping patients to manage their illness. The current study aimed to determine interfering factors in the self-care process in patients with diabetes. Methods: The present qualitative study with content-analysis design was performed from March 2017 to April 2019 in Mashhad, Iran. Data collection was started with sampling and continued until saturation. Data were collected through semistructured interviews. Participants comprised 21 patients with diabetes (adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes) aged 31-60 years. Data analysis was performed using the Landman method and MaxQDA 10 software. Results: Qualitative content analysis showed that patients' self-care behavior was influenced by different factors and conditions. In the current study, four key themes facilitating or preventing self-care behaviors in patients with diabetes were extracted: accessibility, environmental factors, behavioral habits, and personal factors. Conclusion: A range of personal and environmental factors may play an important role in the formation of self-care behaviors in patients with diabetes, and providing medical, welfare, and social support to such patients can facilitate self-care behavior formation in them. On the other hand, by removing perceived barriers, patients may be better able to adhere to self-care behaviors.

Background The occurrence of nosocomial infections remains a health threat to patients and hospital staff. This study applied social-cognitive theory for predicting determinants of nosocomial infections control behaviors in hospital nursing Staff. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 280 nurses and assistant nurses were selected by random sampling from intensive care wards including CCU, ICU, NICU, dialysis of educational hospitals in Mashhad, Iran in 2020. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale structural questionnaire based on social cognitive theory constructs. Using the structural equation modeling method, direct and indirect relationships of social cognitive factors on preventive behaviors of nosocomial infections were analyzed via AMOS 23.0. Results Our results showed that self-regulation, outcome expectations, and barrier constructs had a direct effect on behavior and the highest effect was related to self-regulation structure (p < 0.001). The constructs of social support, modeling, perceived environment and Task self-efficacy had an indirect effect on behavior and the most impact was related to the constructs of perceived environment (p < 0.05). Conclusion Considering that self-regulation, outcome expectation and barriers have a significant effect on following the preventive behaviors of nosocomial infections in nursing staff. It is suggested that policymakers and planners try to reduce barriers, strengthen behavioral motivation, and empower nursing staff by teaching self-regulatory strategies.

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently not curable but controllable and must be managed. Family support has been stated as a vital component in successful control of DM and the strongest determinant of adherence to diet therapy in DM patients.Objectives. The study was conducted to examine social support and its relationship with practicing self-care behavior in patients with DM in Mashhad. Material and methods. In this analytical cross-sectional study, 400 patients with DM were selected over two months from DM clinics in Mashhad using the census sampling method. Data was collected using demographic information, social support and self-care questionnaires. Data analysis was done in SPSS 21 using the statistical Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, t-Test and analysis of variance. Results. The results indicated a significant relationship between the social support and self-care behavior of DM patients (p = 0.031). This means that social support is an effective factor in practicing self-care behaviors. Moreover, the results indicated that most of the samples had moderate social support and self-care behavior. There was a significant relationship between self-care and health literacy in the study (p = 0.026): individuals with higher health literacy had better self-care. There was a significant relationship between education and monthly income with self-care behaviors and support of the individuals (p = 0.001). Conclusions. Individuals with better social support have adhered to DM self-care behaviors, and adhering to self-care behaviors has led to blood sugar control and prevention of adverse effects. Furthermore, patient support and participation in self-care enable them to take the next step for better management of the disease and prevention of future adverse effects.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of topical vitamin C on second degree burn wounds restoration. This was a clinical trial. The sample size was determined as 30. The participants were selected from the patients suffering from second degree burns who visited the Burn Center of Vaseei Hospital in Sabzevar. Both intervention and control groups targeted one patient. Dressing was changed in a daily manner after cleansing. Topical vitamin C solution was administered on the wounds. The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool was used to evaluate burn wound parameters in the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day of treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.16 and ‘’repeated measures ANOVA.Results: The average age of participants was 43.33 ± 11.9 years and 60% of the participants were males and 40% of them were females. The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference in mean scores of wound between the two treatments (P = 0.047), wound healing significantly differed in the two groups and topical vitamin C solution had a significant effect on acceleration of wound Epithelialization. According to the results of this study, administration of topical vitamin C is recommended for epithetlialization of second degree burns.IRCT: IRCT2015101224487N1

Background: Despite improving the quality of health services and developing methods of infection prevention and control, the occurrence of nosocomial infections remains a health threat to patients and hospital staff. This study applied Social-Cognitive Theory for predicting determinants of Nosocomial Infections Control Behaviors in hospital nursing Staff.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 280 nurses and assistant nurses were selected by random sampling from intensive care wards including CCU, ICU, NICU, dialysis of educational hospitals in Mashhad, Iran in 2020. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale structural questionnaire based on social cognitive theory constructs and analyzed via AMOS 23.0 using Structural Equation modeling approach.Results: The results of the structural equation model showed that the constructs of barriers, perceived environment, outcome expectations, task self-efficacy, social support, and modeling were able to predict 70% of the variance of self-regulation construct. Also, the constructs of this social-cognitive model were eventually able to predict 15% of the variance of behavior construct. Self-regulation, outcome expectations, and barrier constructs had a direct effect on behavior and the highest effect was related to self-regulation structure (p<0.001). The constructs of social support, modeling, perceived environment and Task self-efficacy had an indirect effect on behavior and the most impact was related to the constructs of perceived environment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that self-regulation, outcome expectation and barriers have a significant effect on following the preventive behaviors of nosocomial infections in nursing staff. It is suggested that policymakers and planners try to reduce barriers, strengthen behavioral motivation, and empower nursing staff by teaching self-regulatory strategies.

Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of topical vitamin C on second-degree burn wounds restoration. This was a clinical trial. The sample size was determined as 30. Participants were selected from patients suffering from second-degree burns who visited the Burn Center of Vaseei Hospital in Sabzevar. Both intervention and control groups targeted one patient.Dressing was changed in a daily manner after cleansing. A topical vitamin C solution was administered on the wounds. The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool was used to evaluate burn wound parameters in the 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , and 14 th days of treatment. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.16 and ‘’repeated measures ANOVA. Results The average age of participants was 43.33 ± 11.9 years and 60% of the participants were males and 40% of them were females. The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference in mean scores of the wound between the two treatments (P = 0.047), wound healing significantly differed in the two groups and topical vitamin C solution had a significant effect on the acceleration of wound Epithelialization. The administration of topical vitamin C is recommended for epithelialization of second-degree burns.