High-level improvement of diagnostic certainty and management is provided by selective and hierarchical implementation of florbetaben PET into current standard practices for the most complex dementia cases.
Optimal scan time of F-fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT for localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands is poorly documented. We report a small series of 9 histologically proven hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland with heterogeneous temporal uptake profile. Thirty-minute dynamic acquisition starting just after F-fluorocholine administration and delayed acquisition were recorded. Three different uptake patterns are seen (early washout, stable uptake, late increase) indicating the importance of an early (5-10 minutes) acquisition. A late acquisition (60 minutes) could be useful when the early acquisition is negative. No correlations were noted between uptake profile and histological or genetic results.
We present the case of a 53-year-old woman presenting several episodes of body image distortions, ground deformation illusions, and problems assessing distance in the orthostatic position corresponding to the Alice in Wonderland syndrome. No symptoms were reported when sitting or lying down. She had uncontrolled hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and a history of head trauma. Her condition had been diagnosed with left internal carotid artery dissection 2 years earlier. Brain SPECT with 99mTc-ECD performed after i.v. injection of the radiotracer in supine and in standing positions showed hypoperfusion in the healthy contralateral frontoparietal operculum (Robin Hood syndrome), deteriorating when standing up.
Hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder. The precise localization of causal parathyroid gland is crucial to guide surgical treatment. Several studies report the added value of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) as second line imaging but rely on suboptimal first-line imaging using 99mTc-sestaMIBI dual phase scintigraphy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of successful parathyroid localization with FCH PET/CT after failure of a more sensitive first-line detection protocol associating neck ultrasonography and 99mTc-Pertechnetate/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy.
We included retrospectively 47 patients who underwent a FCH PET/CT as second line imaging for biologically proven primary hyperparathyroidism from November 2016 to October 2018 in Godinot Institute (Reims, France). 99mTc-Pertechnetate/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography were used as first-line imaging and failed to localize the causal parathyroid lesion in all cases.
FCH PET/CT demonstrated at least 1 parathyroid target lesion in 29 patients (62%). 21/29 patients underwent surgery. Target lesions corresponded histologically to hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands for all 21 patients and surgery was followed by hyperparathyroidism biological resolution. Calcium serum levels were associated to FCH PET/CT positivity (P = .002) and a trend toward significance was seen for Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (P = .09).
FCH PET/CT is a promising tool in second-line parathyroid imaging. Large prospective studies and cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to precise its role.
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