The Defense Mechanism Inventory, a paper and pencil test which purports to measure the relative intensity of usage of five major groups of defenses, is described. The inventory consists of 10 brief stories, two per conflict area, followed by four questions regarding S's actual behavior, fantasy behavior, thoughts, and feelings in the situations described. Five responses typifying the five defenses (i.e., hostility-out, projection, principalization, turning-against-self, and reversal) are provided for each question, from which S selects the one most representative and the one least representative of his reaction. Reliability, validity, and normative studies are presented, all indicating that this inventory has many potential uses as a clinical and research instrument.
The Progress Evaluation Scales (PES) is an efficient measuring device for assessing the impact of mental health programs on clients. The scales can be easily completed by patients, significant others, and therapists and thus provide different viewpoints of outcome of mental health services. The system can be used to assess entry status; establish treatment goals; and measure outcome of various aspects of personal, social, and community adjustment. The domains measured by the PES are Family Interaction, Occupation, Getting Along With Others, Feelings and Mood, Use of Free Time, Problems, and Attitude Toward Self. This article presents the theoretical basis for selecting the PES domains; describes the scales and their underlying dimensions; and summarizes the evidence for their generalizability, validity, and usefulness when applied to the assessment of programs for children and adolescents.
The Progress Evaluation Scales (PES) provide an efficient measuring devicefor evaluating current functioning, setting treatment goals, and assessing change over time in clinically relevant aspects of personal, social, and community adjustment. The PES can be completed by patients, significant others, and therapists, making it possible to obtain various points of view of the outcome of mental health services. This article describes the seven domains measured by the PES and the underlying dimensions they were designed to tap, and presents the generalizability, validity, and usefulness of the scales as applied to an adult mental health center population.With the advent of the deinstitutionalization over the past twõ ~ decades and the massive shift of care to local communities, a growing clamor has developed for satisfactory methods to evaluate the quality of programs and services rendered at the community level. While such needs have been expressed from time to time by professionals and AUTHORS' NOTE: Financial asslstancefor this project was received for t wo years from a 314(d) Federal Grant and for six years from Michigan's Department
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