Mixture A, % Mixture 8. % RESULTSRecently we showed that sulfonation of n-toluenesulfonic acid in fuming sulfuric acid leads to the formation of 2,5-, 3,4-, and 3,5-toluenedisulfonic acid (11). It was there-(22) H. This paper describes a compact inductively coupledtype of source has been eliminated, and pneumatic nebuplasma-optical emission system for the trace determinalization is employed in place of the more elaborate ultration of metallic elements in solution. Theoretical consid-sonic method. Some characteristics of the plasma are erations are presented to determine operating parameters reported. Detection limits are in the range 0.1 -1 0 ng/ml which agree well with the empirically determined values.for most elements studied. The present facility is readily The aerosol desolvation system commonly used with this adaptable to simultaneous multielement trace analysis.

We evaluated the effectiveness of nickel and palladium with or without added potassium persulfate as matrix modifiers for the determination of total arsenic in urine. Complete recovery of pure aqueous solutions of As(III), As(V), cacodylic acid (DMA), monomethylarsinic acid (MMA), and o-arsanilic acid was attained by using both nickel and palladium modifiers. Combined arsenobetaine and arsenocholine (so-called fish arsenic), extracted from a certified control material of dogfish muscle (DORM-1), were completely recovered with Pd-S2O8 matrix modification, but not with nickel. Excellent agreement with target values for arsenic in urines from the Centre de Toxicologie du Quebec, supplied by the Interlaboratory Comparison Program, was attained irrespective of the arsenic source when we used Pd-S2O8 as the matrix modifier.

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