The purpose of the paper is to develop indicators and standards for assessing the remuneration policy in terms of decent work at the regional level and to approbate the developed tools for assessing the data of remuneration policy research in Kyiv region. The analysis of the labor remuneration policy at the regional level has been based on the developed indicators using case study, statistical method, comparative analysis, analogy method and content analysis. The findings have shown negative trends, in particular the inefficiency of social standards, the low level of wages, the arrears of wages, the unsatisfactory wages structure and the low level of collective-contractual regulation of remuneration. The low level of remuneration, which does not provide an expanded reproduction of the labor force, is a significant drawback in wages in Kyiv region in comparison with wages in Kyiv city, which demotivates employees and leads to migration abroad. The necessity for remuneration policy improvement based on the decent work concept has been proved. Indicators and standards can be used by regional state administrations, state authorities, trade unions, employers’ organizations for analyzing the labor remuneration policy and identifying the directions for its improvement in order to implement the decent work concept and increase the welfare of employees. Public authorities can use the developed indicators for comparing and ranking the regions and finding out the leaders in the implementation of decent work concept.
Directions of changes occurring in the world economy in recent years show the transformation of the industrial economy into a knowledge-based economy, using the technological and innovative potential. This transformation has highlighted the competitive advantages of countries and regions specializing in the production of hightech products. A lot of research has been trying to find out what the drivers of innovation really are, though there has not formed one consensus. The aim of the paper is to investigate influence of research and development (R&D) expenditure on economic growth in EU member states and to assess whether there is a significant relationship between countries' R&D efforts and their innovation and between innovation and per capita income, as postulated by R&D based endogenous growth models. Basic source of data is Eurostat database and European Innovation Scoreboard reports. Results confirm positive and statistically significant impact of government R&D expenditure, which is the main driver for economic growth during the analysed period. Highly developed countries are conducting research to seek new sources of innovativeness and methods for creating innovative potential. The results also suggest that the EU countries that do not have effective R&D sectors seem to promote their innovation through technology spillovers from other countries.
Purpose: Review of regional innovation strategies of Polish regions to assess the scope of research methods and techniques applied during their preparation. Design/methodology/approach: Analysis of regional innovation strategies applicable in all voivodeships with respect to the research methods and techniques used during their preparation. Findings: Polish regions apply diversified methods and techniques that allow them to determine the directions of innovation development, yet in the course of smart strategy identification they encountered limitations with respect to the availability of quantitative aggregated data on the voivodeship or lower levels; therefore, some of them reached to surveys and interviews, as well as the Delphi method which allowed for mitigating the impact of these deficiencies. The regions did not focus exclusively on fulfilling the ex ante condition, but they were intent on proper designation of the priority areas with respect to the aid, which is testified by, among others, reaching to results of foresight type projects and up-dates of the prepared strategies. Originality/value: A comprehensive review of regional innovation strategies applicable in the Polish regions until 2020 and a concise analysis of methods and techniques applied during their preparation as a starting point for the improvement of processes of preparation of subsequent innovation strategies in voivodeships.
Polska branża przesyłek ekspresowych charakteryzuje się stałym wzrostem w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat. Operatorzy muszą być kreatywni i skuteczni w prowadzeniu walki konkurencyjnej. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja czynników wpływających na konkurencyjność firmy w branży, ponieważ jest ona uznawana za kluczowe kryterium oceny sukcesu firm. Część teoretyczna pracy zawiera definicje i charakterystykę konkurencyjności oraz opis rynku usług KEP. Część empiryczna powstała na podstawie badań ankietowych. Niniejsze badanie stanowi próbę identyfikacji znaczenia czynników, które mają duży wpływ na wybór klienta. Silna konkurencja sprawia, że firma musi stale obserwować zmiany w otoczeniu biznesowym i nieustannie analizować potrzeby i preferencje klientów, aby dostosować do nich ofertę.
Streszczenie. W artykule omówiono problematykę rozwoju konkurencyjności Unii Europejskiej poprzez innowacyjność oraz kwestie oceny polityki innowacyjnej prowadzonej w regionach UE. Pomiar innowacyjności i oceny skutków interwencji publicznej, ma zasadnicze znaczenie dla sprawdzenia skuteczności innowacyjnej polityki, w szczególności w kontekście oceny efektywności zaangażowanych funduszy. Autor stara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie: Dlaczego trudno jest ocenić regionalne polityki innowacyjne oraz wskazać rozwiązanie problemu.Słowa kluczowe: polityka innowacyjna, ewaluacja, innowacje EVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION'S INNOVATIVE POLICY IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT -METODOLOGICAL PROBLEMSAbstract. The article discusses the problematics of competitiveness development in the European Union through increased innovativeness, and the issues of evaluation of the innovative policy pursued in the EU regions. Measuring innovativeness and evaluating the effects of public intervention is essential to verify the efficiency of innovative policy, specifically in the context of commitment funds efficiency evaluation. Author try to answer the question: Why are regional innovation policies so difficult to evaluate? and find a solution for this problem
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