BackgroundMost of the studies dealing with Chronic Mechanical Irritation (CMI) and Oral Cancer (OC) only considered prosthetic and dental variables separately, and CMI functional factors are not registered. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess OC risk in individuals with dental, prosthetic and functional CMI. Also, we examined CMI presence in relation to tumor size.Material and MethodsA case-control study was carried out from 2009 to 2013. Study group were squamous cell carcinoma cases; control group was patients seeking dental treatment in the same institution.Results153 patients were studied (Study group n=53, Control group n=100). CMI reproducibility displayed a correlation coefficient of 1 (p<0.0001). Bivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations for all variables (age, gender, tobacco and alcohol consumption and CMI). Multivariate analysis exhibited statistical significance for age, alcohol, and CMI, but not for gender or tobacco. Relationship of CMI with tumor size showed no statistically significant differences.ConclusionsCMI could be regarded as a risk factor for oral cancer. In individuals with other OC risk factors, proper treatment of the mechanical injuring factors (dental, prosthetic and functional) could be an important measure to reduce the risk of oral cancer. Key words:Oral cancer, risk factors, chronic mechanical irritation, tumor size, case-control study.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of TP53Arg72Pro mutations and their possible relationship with oral carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders in Argentine patients. A cross-sectional study was performed on 111 exfoliated cytologies from patients with oral cancer (OC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and controls. The TP53Arg72Pro mutations were determined using conventional PCR. We evaluated univariate and multivariate study variables, setting p < 0.05. We found: (a) a low frequency of Pro72 variant in control group and a high frequency in OC and OPMD, as well in OC and oral leukoplakia (OL) diagnosis; (b) multivariate association among the TP53CC genotype and females over 45 years with no tobacco nor alcohol habits with oral lichen planus pathology; (c) multivariate association between the TP53GC genotype and males with alcohol and tobacco habits and OC and OL pathologies. Our results showed that the wild-type Arg72variant was related to control patients and Pro72variant was related to OC and OPMD, in Argentine patients.

The total number of AgNOR is a reliable marker for detecting neoplastic cells; this method increases sensitivity and specificity by decreasing the likelihood of false negatives or positives, as the accuracy obtained was 90%. It is also a low-cost, non-invasive, simple methodology that can be recommended to help the early detection of oral cancer and monitoring of patients with a first diagnosis of cancer.

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Cystoadenomas are considered uncommon neoplasms of epithelial salivary origin and are characterized by having multiple papillary projections and microcystic spaces recovered by cuboid and cilindric cells. Cystoadenoma is defined by the WHO as a salivary neoplasia very similar to Warthin´s tumour, but lacking lymphoid cells. The most common sites are the larynx, nasopharynx and lachrymal gland, although in some occasions these lesions can be found in the lips, buccal mucosa, palate and tonsillae. Thus 35% of cystoadenomas have minor salivary gland locations.

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The most important potentially malignant lesion of labial squamous cell carcinoma affects actinic cheilitis. It found in people whose occupational activities related to chronic sun exposure. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip accounts for approximately 20% of all oral carcinomas with the lower lip more involved than the upper lip. It is more common in men, reaching its peak during its sixth and seventh decade, and is more frequent in the lower lip. KEY WORDS: actinic cheilitis, lip Carcinoma, oral diagnosis. Resumen la queilitis actínica es considerada la lesión potencialmente maligna más importante del carcinoma de células escamosas labial. Se encuentra comúnmente en individuos cuyas actividades ocupacionales están relacionadas con la exposición crónica al sol. El carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) del labio representa aproximadamente 20% de todos los carcinomas orales con el labio inferior más comúnmente involucrado que el labio superior. Es más común en los hombres, alcanzando su punto máximo durante su sexta y séptima década, y es más frecuente en el labio inferior. PALABRAS CLAVE: queilitis actínica, carcinoma de labio, diagnóstico oral.