The two indigenous Makian languages, Western Makian (Makian Luar) and Eastern Makian (Makian Dalam/Taba), stem from two different language families in North Maluku. The indigenous Makian people are typically ignorant of the riches of values and knowledge reserved in their language and culture, including mathematical content. Therefore, through an ethnography approach, this study identifies mathematical terminologies (natural numbers, fractions, number operations, indefinite quantifiers and adverbs of time) that exist in indigenous Makian languages. Data Collecting was conducted through in-depth interviews with indigenous community leaders and some primary literature reviews, then analyzed qualitatively. The mathematical language that has been identified along with the context of its use can be a good entry point and a mean-ingful material in integrating indigenous languages and cultures in mathematics learning.
This study investigated the skills of math gifted students in high school to solve math problems. Specifically, the researcher took two factors: gender and ethnicity, as differentiators. This study involved 36 mathematically gifted students from three different schools who were randomly se-lected from 48 gifted students who were identified. The two data collection instruments used were mathematical problems (Number Theory, Algebra, and Geometry) and questionnaires, which were organized by referring to Lester's problem-solving stages. The results of the two-way ANO-VA test revealed that the average math problem skill score was 50% of the maximum score (rela-tively low). Another important finding, statistically, there is no difference in math problem skill scores based on either ethnicity or gender. This study implicitly shows that mathematically gifted students in problem-solving processes were not correlated with ethnicity or gender.
This study was conducted to answer the question, "What is the description of the mathematical critical thinking ability of middle school students in Tidore city based on gender and background?". This question is essential to answer because it is motivated by the mathematical performance of students in Tidore is low nationally and is reinforced by the results of the 2015 and 2018 PISA and OECD surveys. Gender is used as a distinguishing factor because this factor is still culturally rooted in this area and affects the role of society in life socially. Tidore comprises three significant communities, namely coastal, urban, and mountainous communities, each of which has a unique pattern of social life. Therefore, researchers also use "background" as a distinguishing factor. Data collection was carried out in three schools representing the three communities using a questionnaire, math problems (arithmetic, geometry, algebra), and semi-structured interviews on two subjects (male and female) in each location. The results of the analysis show, based on gender and background the ability of students to think critically mathematically are categorized as sufficient (close to less) with a mathematical critical thinking (MCT) achievement ratio of 0.27. Male subjects had an achievement ratio of 0.3 (sufficient) higher than female subjects of 0.24 (insufficient). Based on the background subjects from urban areas had the highest MCT achievement ratio of 0.49 (sufficient) while the subject achievement ratio of the coast and mountains were 0.17 (insufficient) and 0.15 (insufficient), respectively.
ABSTRAKPenguasaan fakta dasar matematika merupakan komponen penting perkembangan keterampilan matematika siswa yang sangat diperlukan. Penulis merekomendasikan agar dalam membelajarkan fakta dasar diawali dari fase menghitung, bernalar hingga penguasaan.Implemantasinya meliputi menyajikan masalah riil dan membiarkan siswa mengembangkan strategi alaminya secara mandiri.Terkait fakta penjumlahan, strategi penalaran dapat dilakukan dengan aktifitas tambah satu tambah dua, penjumlahan dengan 0, menggunakan 5 atau 10 sebagai acuan, kelipatan dua, hingga dekat kelipatan dua. Untuk fakta perkalian strategi penalaran dapat dilakukan dengan perkalian 0, 2, 5, 9 dan 10, dilanjutkan memanfaatkan fakta-fakta yang sudah diketahui untuk menemukan fakta baru, dan penggunaan game sebagai latihan. Sebagai catatan, beberapa hal perlu dihindari dalam membelajarkan fakta dasar matematika seperti mengabaikan strategi yang dikembangkan sendiri oleh siswa, menghafal, tes berdurasi, dan menjadikan penguasaan fakta menjadi syarat utama belajar pengalaman matematika lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: Penguasaan, Strategi, Fakta Dasar Matematika PendahuluanIde awal dari penelitian ini adalah berasal dari buah pikiran tentang dua contoh soal sederhana berikut ini: 1) Faktorkan persamaan kuadrat:2) Tentukan hasil penjumlahan dua pecahan berikut.. Untuk menyelesaikan soal pertama, pada umumnya siswa mengawalinya dengan menjawab pertanyaan sebagai berikut: "apakah dua bilangan (sebut dan )yang mana jika keduanya dijumlahkan hasilnya 13 dan jika dikalikan hasilnya 42 ". Agar memperoleh jawaban yang benar, siswa harus mengetahui kombinasi-kombinasi dua bilangan yang yang jika dijumlahkan hasilnya 13, dan jika dikalikan hasilnya 42. Pada soal yang kedua, siswa menyelesaikannya dengan beberapa langkah: 1) mengubah pecahan campuran menjadi pecahan biasayaitu , 2) menentukan KPK
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