The aim of the study was to determine the effects of proprioceptive training (PT) on balance, strength, agility and dribbling in adolescent soccer players. In this research, we included an experimental (n = 48) and a control (n = 48) group (CG) with 14 years old players. The experimental group (EG) participated in an 8 week PT program, with four 30 minute sessions per week. The experimental program included 12 bosu ball exercises to improve balance, stability and strength which were grouped into two subprograms: the first not using the soccer ball, the second subprogram using the soccer ball. The subprograms were implemented alternately during 16 proprioceptive training sessions, on two types of firm and foam surfaces. Pre- and post-tests included the static balance [Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)], vertical, horizontal, and lateral jumping, and the completion of agility (“arrowhead”) and dribbling (“short dribbling”) tests. Regarding the total BESS score, the CG has demonstrated progress between the pre- and the post-test, with 0.780 ± 0.895, fewer errors, while the EG had 5.828 ± 1.017 fewer errors. The difference between the two groups was of 5.148 fewer errors for the EG who had practiced the proposed program of proprioceptive training. The highest difference registered between the pre- and the post-test was at the test “single-leg forward jump with the right leg”, with a result of 1.083 ± 0.459 cm for the CG and of 3.916 ± 0. 761 cm for the EG. Through the analysis of average differences between the pre- and the post-tests, we observe that, regarding the “Agility right side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.382 s in comparison with the CG; regarding the “Agility left side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.233 s compared to the CG; regarding the “Agility right and left side test”, the EG has progressed with 0.196 s compared to the CG; in the “Short dribbling test”, the EG has progressed with 0.174 s compared to the CG. The highest progress was made at the “Agility right side test”, of 0.402 s for the EG, while the CG registered 0.120 s. Most of the results in all tests for both experimental groups show an effect size ranging from small to medium. The progress made by the experimental group in all tests was statistically significant, while in the control group the progress was mostly statistically insignificant for p < 0.05. The results suggest that a PT program performed at about 14 years of age could be successfully implemented in the training regime of soccer players to improve components of fitness along with dribbling skills. The results of the study revealed that sports training on the foam surfaces determined a superior progress of the development of proprioception compared to the increased training on the firm surfaces.

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"ABSTRACT. Background. A balanced posture allows sports movements PERFORMANCE with optimal consumption of energy and minimal stress on the musculoskeletal system with of the technology offered by the posturograph, we can identify the center of gravity deviations, the points of support, the load, the weight distribution in the soles, the anterior posteriorized or compressed posture, the asymmetries of the body. by an interpretation in biomechanical context, any compensations or decompensations can be identified. Aim. The aim of the study is to improve posture through biofeedback treatment using the GPS 600 device. Materials. The Posturograph or Global Postural System (GPS) is an advanced postural analysis system that uses techniques and methods of noninvasive diagnosis and evaluation in the field of medical recovery. Posturography includes 2 diagnostic units and software. Methods. We used the following methods: bibliographic study methods, method of observation, measurement method, experimental method, statistical method. Applied treatments. The treatments for re-educating the posture with the GPS 600 device took place for 2 weeks. During the treatment, the subjects had to maintain their body position / posture as indicated by the device. Results. From the 12 athletes, the anteriority of the head improved, the center of gravity, loading on the right and left lower limbs. At the end of the 2 weeks, the athletes reached a perfect balance of the center of gravity and the weight distribution on the lower limbs. Conclusion. Biofeedback treatments with the GPS 600 device help to improve POSTURE and maintain the results over time."

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Problem Statement: tests were applied on athletes aged between 11 ± 5 and 15 ± 3. The group of athletes is part of the Romanian Olympic Judo team and ski groups of sports clubs in Gheorgheni (HR), Baia-Sprie (MM), Topliţa (HR), Sibiu (SB) and Petrosani (HD). Purpose of Study: through this study, we analyse the correlations between the three psychological processes: emotional distress, attention and anxiety. Methods: the methods we have applied contain the following tests: AMconcentration and attention, AD -distributive attention, AP -perceptive attention, EMAS -emotional distress, PDEanxiety. These were the initial tests we have used as starting points in our research. The purpose was to increase the sports performance through the application of mental training techniques. Findings and Results: to compare the scores / ranks on cognitive tests applied to the two groups of athletes, we have used nonparametric Mann-Whitney test (U) for unpaired samples. Materiality was α = 0.05 (5%), α = 0.01 (1%) or α = 0.001. To detect the correlation between two quantitative variables, we continued by using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient of (ρ). The analysis of correlation between coefficients was performed using Colton's rule. Polynomial regression was the method used to derive the mathematical equation of dependence of a continuous variable by another variable. Conclusions and Recommendations: the comparative analysis of the cognitive test scores applied on studied groups with statistical significance revealed positive correlations; except for the group ski EMAS, where the test values were negative.