Water vapour permeability and transport depends on the properties of the fibre and knitted fabric structure. It was designed double-layered fabrics knitted in plain plating pattern whose inner side was made from synthetic fibres the PES, PA, PP, and Coolmax® (tetra-channel fibres by DuPont) which do not absorb moisture and on the surface of the wear – natural cotton and bamboo fibres which have good absorption properties. In the present research it was established that the air permeability of all fabrics after washing and drying cycle decreased. It occurred because of the influence of shrinkage during washing and drying under the impact of moisture, heat, and mechanical action. After washing and drying cycle, the water vapour permeability of fabrics knitted from bamboo and synthetic yarns blend decreased predominantly and became similar to fabrics knitted from cotton and respective synthetic yarns blend. The water vapour permeability of fabrics knitted from cotton and synthetic yarns blend decreased significant less. Depending on the knitting structure, the most decrease of water vapour permeability was estimated to the plain plated fabrics.
It is known, that fibre type, yarn properties, fabric structure, finishing treatments and clothing conditions are the main factors affecting thermo-physiological comfort. The warmth of a fabric is due to insulation provided by air trapped between fibres and yarns. Fabrics from straight filament yarns remove heat rapidly by conduction when placed next to the skin and in such a way produce a so-called cool feel or handle. The objects of investigation were double-layered weft fabrics knitted from cotton or man-made bamboo yarns and synthetic PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene), PES (polyester) threads combination in three different knitting patterns. 16 samples variations were used. Thermal conductivity and thermal resistance were determined. It was established that thermal properties of double-layered knitted fabrics depend on raw material, structural parameters and knitting pattern of the fabric. Thermal resistance increases when thickness of the fabric increases, and thermal conductivity coefficient increases when loop length of the fabric increases. The highest influence on thermal properties has the kind of knitting pattern.
Abstract:Cellulose fibers are promoted for use in various textile applications due their sustainable nature. Cellulose-based fibers vary considerably in their mechanical and flammability properties depending on their chemical composition. The chemical composition of a cellulose-based fiber is further dependent on their source (i.e., seed, leaf, cane, fruit, wood, bast, and grass). Being organic in nature, cellulose fibers, and their products thereof, pose considerable fire risk. In this work we have compared the flammability properties of cellulose fibers obtained from two different sources (i.e., cotton and peat). Compared to cotton cellulose textiles, peat-based cellulose textiles burn longer with a prominent afterglow which can be attributed to the presence of lignin in its structure. A series of phosphoramidates were synthesized and applied on both cellulose textiles. From thermogravimetric and pyrolysis combustion flow analysis of the treated cellulose, we were able to relate the flame retardant efficacy of the synthesized phosphorus compounds to their chemical structure. The phosphoramidates with methyl phosphoester groups exhibited higher condensed phase flame retardant effects on both types of cellulose textiles investigated in this study. In addition, the bis-phosphoramidates exhibited higher flame retardant efficacy compared to the mono-phosphoramidates.
The main goal of the presented study was to develop new multi-layered weft-knitted structure for thermal insulation and to investigate the dynamic of the heat transfer through this fabric. For knitting of outer and inner layers of this structure, different raw materials of yarns were used, i.e. wool, cotton, polyester and acrylic yarns. All the newly developed multi-layered weft-knitted fabrics show thermal insulation as, after 1 h of observation, temperature on the outer layer of all tested fabrics does not reach 40℃, i.e. the temperature of a heated plate. The results of this research showed that the nature of the yarns has a significant influence on the air permeability and dynamic of the heat exchange through the multi-layered structure, as it influences porosity of the knitted fabric. The results showed that the best fabric was the one where the outer layers are knitted from woollen yarns and the inner layer from polyester filament yarns.
The aim of this study was to find out the possibility to predict the compression properties of orthopaedic knits by inlayyarn properties. For this purpose, six groups of elastic double covered threads with different raw material were investigated. It was established that in area of low elongation, the covering threads practically don't have significant influence on tensile force values. Also results demonstrate that by increasing the number of tested threads, the elongation value has a higher impact on tensile force. The influence of linear density of elastic PU core on tensile force increases by increasing elongation value of threads. When influence of inlay-yarn linear density and number of threads on tensile force is determined it is possible to predict influence of inlay-yarn properties on compression properties of knitted orthopaedic supports.
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