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The structures of arbortristosides A and B have been reinvestigated by proton decoupling experiments and 2D correlated nmr spectroscopy. The aryl ester groups in both arbortristosides A and B have been found to be at position 7, not at 6 as reported earlier.

Plants are among the richest sources of bioactive compounds throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to mankind. Roots of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. is an important plant drug which is used to cure leprosy, leucoderma, itching, skin disease, asthma, bronchitis, leucorrhoea, dysentery, piles, syphilis, paralysis, urinary disorders and diabetics. The present study focused on the pharmacognostical, phytochemical investigation as well as HPTLC study on Hemidesmus indicus root. Organoleptic, macroscopic, microscopic, phytochemical features along with the HPTLC study were performed by taking different solvent extracts of Hemidesmus indicus root. This study highlights the first detailed HPTLC study on Hemidesmus indicus root by taking different solvent extracts with their increasing polarity which is a referential information for identification parameters and improves our confidence level of acceptability of herbal drugs.

Piper species are reported to have great medicinal values in Indian system medicines. The present study was therefore carried out to provide the requisite pharmacognostic, phytochemical and HPTLC study of the four piper species namely Piper longum, Piper nigrum, Piper cubeba and Piper retrofractum. The marker compound present in all these four species is Piperine, an alkaloid found naturally in plants belonging to the pyridine group of Piperaceae family. This study will be the ready reference for the correct identification of the four crude drugs.

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