This study aims to analyze the species diversity, distribution and status of fish found in the coastal waters of Banten Bay. Samplings were carried out 7 times at three locations namely Cengkok coastal waters (on February-March 2019), Bojonegara coastal waters (January-February, August-September 2020), and Kemayungan-Linduk coastal waters (February-April 2021) of the Banten Bay, using gill nets, trammel net, cast net, hand-line, beach seine, and mini trawl. Results of this study showed that the fish caught in the Banten Bay coastal waters consisted of 111 species, distributed at the three areas, namely Cengkok (32 species), Bojonegara (58 species), and Kemayungan-Linduk coastal waters (51 species). The diversity, eveness, and dominance indices were 2.185 - 3.763, 0.630 - 0.781, and 0.072 - 0.233 respectively, indicating the medium-high species diversity. These fish were spreading in marine water, fresh water, estuary, freshwater and estuary, marine and estuary, and marine, estuary and freshwater. The common species found at the study location were Ellochelon vaigiensis, Planiliza subviridis, and Leiognathus equula. In general, most of the fish found in Banten Bay were classified as least concern (LC), while two species were vulnerable (VU), one species was near threatened (NT), and ones species was endangered species (EN).

Greenback mullet (Planiliza subviridis) is one of commercially important fish species and widely caught in Cengkok Beach, Banten Bay. This study aims to examine some reproductive aspects of greenback mullet in Cengkok coastal waters of Banten Bay. The study was conducted from April to August 2019 at Cengkok Beach, Banten Bay. Fish sampling was performed by using gill net and cast net. Samples analysis were conducted including gonad maturity index, fecundity, relationship between body length with fecundity, and egg diameter. A total 223 individuals of mullet were captured, consisted of 113 males and 110 females. The total length and weight ranged from 56-263 mm and 2.3-182 g, respectively. The sex ratio of male and female fish was 1: 0.97 (balanced). Condition factor of male and female fish ranged from 0.99 to 1.02 and 0.96 to 1.03, respectively. Size at first maturity for male and female were 137.8 mm and 163.9 mm, respectively. It is very likely that the spawning season occurred from April to August with the peak season in July. Reproductive potential ranged from 17.284-101.670 eggs with a spawning type as total spawner.

The mangrove area in the coastal area of Karawang Regency has become an area that is ecologically pressured by the surrounding area, which greatly affects its sustainability. Coastal community awareness is very important to preserve the mangrove areas. This study was conducted from October 2016 to March 2017. At nine coastal districts of Karawang Regency, it aims to analyze fisheries’ productivity associated within mangroves ecosystem based on mangrove data produced in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Correlation analysis between the production of some fishery commodities and mangrove area was conducted using SPSS 17. The results showed that the correlation between the mangrove ecosystem and the capture fisheries production was 0.7257. It can be concluded that there was a relationship between the mangrove ecosystem and the total fisheries production in Karawang Regency. The condition was expressed by the production of speckled shrimp, white shrimp, mullet and crab.

Batang Toru River is one of the sizable rivers in North Sumatra, encompassing to south and west and stream down to the Indian Ocean. The river area has been used by the local community for several activities, i.e. fisheries and tourism. The macrozoobenthic community structure study was carried out for 3 months in April, July, and October 2019 at 13-17 stations from the upstream to the estuary. Observations were made on the type of macrozoobenthos, meanwhile, data analysis was performed on density, diversity index, evenness index, and dominance index. A total of 21 genera of macrozoobenthos was identified consists of 9 classes, namely Bivalvia (2 genera), Diptera (3 genera), Gastropoda (4 genera), Ephemeroptera (1 genus), Odonata (1 genus), Oligochaeta (6 genera), Plecoptera (1 genus), Tricoptera (2 genera), and Zygoptera (1 genus). Thiara sp. and Balanocochlis sp. were quite commonly found in the study area. The density of the macrozoobenthos during the study period varied between 11-957 ind/m2. The value of the diversity index, evenness index, and dominance index at each station varied from 0.722 to 2.419, 0.411 to 1.0, and 0.210 to 1.0, respectively. Based on these values, the condition of the Batang Toru river ecosystem expressed moderate ecological pressure.

The Batang Toru River is a fairly long river, flowing from the North Tapanuli region and emptying into the Indian Ocean (South Tapanuli Regency). Increased deforestation in the Batang Toru River area has increased the potential for decreasing water quality of the Batang Toru River. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the water quality of the Batang Toru River. This research was conducted for 3 months (April, July, October), in the Batang Toru River and its surroundings (14 observation stations scattered from the area near the upstream to the coast). The data analysis used in this research is the analysis of the abundance and composition of the types of phytoplankton, the Diversity Index (H’), the Evennes Index (E), and the Dominance Index (C). Based on the research results, zooplankton in these waters consist of Six Phylum of zooplankton, such as Ciliophora (4 genera), Amoebozoa (2 genera), Cercozoa (1 genera), Rotifera (9 genera), Arthopoda (3 genera), and Annelida (2 genera). Diversity, Evenness, and Dominance Indices were around 0.349-1.847, 0.503-0.994 and 0.240-0.802. Based on the index value, it can be concluded that the Batang Toru River is classified as experiencing moderate ecological pressure.

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This study aims to analyze the plankton community in the sea waters around Panjnag and Pamujan Besar Islands. It was conducted for three months, from May to July 2019, at six locations around the islands. Analysis was carried out to estimate abundance and the diversity, evenness, and dominance indices. Based on the study, the observed phytoplankton consisted of 3 classes, i.e., Bacillariophyceae (30 genera), Cyanophyceae (2 genera), and Dinophyceae (5 genera). The most abundant genera were Chaetoceros sp, Spirulina sp and Rhizosolenia sp. Meanwhile, the zooplankton consisted of 8 classes, i.e., Bivalvia, Ciliata (6 genera), Malacostraca (13 genera), Gastropods, Polychaeta, Sarcodina (1 genus), Rotifera (1 genus), and Urochordata (1 genus), with Nauplius, Calanus, and Bivalve larvae as the most abundant biota. The abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton varied, 38095-13038515 cells/m3 (phyto) and 4010-190475 inds./m3 (zoo), respectively. The diversity, evenness and dominance indices of the phytoplankton and zooplankton were 0.693-2.146, 0.694-1.00, 0.160-0.341, and 0.780-2.027, 0.275-0.861, 0.160-0.500, respectively. Based on the results, the diversity value is moderate with high evenness and no dominant genera.

Mahseer fish or tor fish (Tor sp.) are fish that migrate from upstream to downstream or vice versa. Knowing the habitat of Mahseer fish will provide information on how to manage these fish. The purpose of this study was to apply radiotelemetry to determine the migration of Tor fish (Tor sp.). This research was conducted in the Batang Toru River, North Sumatra. This research was conducted by attaching a tracking device to the Mahseer fish (Tor sp.) After which it was observed for 2 months. The results of this study indicate that there is an up and down movement as far as 300 meters from the release location of Mahseer fish. The conclusion of the use of radiotelemetry can be used to determine the area of the cage fish (Tor sp.).