In this study, the concentration of nickel in stallion, bull, ram, boar and fox semen, and its relation with spermatozoa quality was analyzed. The concentration of nickel in semen was 0.20 mg kg(-1) in stallion, 0.12 mg kg(-1) in bull, 0.31 mg kg(-1) in ram, 0.06 mg kg(-1) in boar and 0.36 mg kg(-1) in fox. Seminal nickel concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in foxes than that in bulls and significantly higher (P < 0.01) in rams and foxes in comparison with boars. Evaluation of total pathological spermatozoa revealed the highest number in stallions followed by rams, bulls, boars and foxes. In bull, ram and boar semen, separated flagellum, flagellum torso and knob-twisted flagellum were predominant. Knob-twisted flagellum, separated flagellum and flagellum torso were found in increased number in stallion semen and broken flagellum in fox semen. Correlation analysis in bulls indicated a high positive correlation between seminal nickel and separated flagellum (r = 0.76) and medium positive correlation between nickel and flagellum torso (r = 0.62), and in rams a high positive correlation between nickel and separated flagellum (r = 0.77). Medium positive correlation was found between nickel and separated flagellum (r = 0.43) and between nickel and other pathological spermatozoa (r = 0.45) in boars.
Canine degenerative myelopathy occurs in many dog breeds, mainly German Shepherd dogs. The causative mutation E40K in the SOD1 gene changes the structure and function of the superoxide dismutase 1 protein. The genetic makeup of the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog breed, that resulted from hybridization between Carpathian wolves and German Shepherds in the 1950s, shows a higher proportion of the dog than wolf genetic background. In the present study we have screened the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog population for the causative degenerative myelopathy mutation E40K in order to estimate its prevalence in Slovakia. Our study confirmed that the frequency of the mutant allele A (0.25) is relatively high and genetic testing is important in breeding programs.
Genetic variability and relationships among five cattle breeds (Holstein, Pinzgau, Limousin, Slovak Spotted and Charolais) bred in the Slovak Republic were investigated separately using 11 microsatellite markers and 61 blood group systems. Allele frequency, heterozygosity (H O , H E ) and PIC values were investigated. F-statistics were computed separately. For microsatellite markers F IS , F IT , F ST and for blood groups H S , H T , G ST parameters were calculated. Microsatellite and blood group comparison showed similar results by F-statistics but some differences were marked using the other methods. Both methods were able to detect close relation between Slovak Pinzgau and Slovak Spotted cattle breeds. Their relation was confirmed by genetic distance, principal component analysis (PCA) and coefficient of admixture (mY). Important divergences between different markers used in the study were observed by the characterisation of Limousin and Charolais breeds. Key words: Biodiversity, microsatellite, F-statistics, blood groups, cattleIn accordance with an updated breeding programme in Slovakia, selection has been focused on increased milk production, enhanced milk protein content and exterior improvement of cattle (increased body frame, improved udder and extremities) and enhanced meat efficiency in combined utility breeds (mainly improvements of the muscular system and thus of slaughter utility values).At present the cattle population of the Slovak Republic includes approximately 34% Holstein cattle, represented mainly by crosses with a hereditary ratio of more than 50%, 52% Slovak Spotted cattle, 13% Slovak Pinzgau
The aim of presented study was estimation of genetic relationship within and between 3 mentioned pig breeds bred in the Slovak Republic. Genetic variability at 10 microsatellite loci (SW24, SO107, SO068, SW936, sw353, so386, so355, sw72, tnfb, and SO070) was analysed in 412 pigs of Landrace, Yorkshire and Slovak White Improved breeds. Variation amount of each population was measured with average number of alleles per locus, heterozygosities, polymorphism information content (PIC) value were calculated. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by UPGMA.The average number of alleles per locus was 11.5, ranging from 7 (SW72) to 16 (SO068). The Slovak White Improved, Landrace and Yorkshire pig breeds showed out high degree of genetic diversity with mean expected heterozygosities of 0.720, 0.697 and 0.705 respectively. Genetic distance ranged from 0.060 between Yorkshire and Slovak White Improved to 0.203 between Landrace and Slovak White Improved breeds.The scatter diagram from principal component displayed genetic differentiation among all three breeds. A Bayesian method was applied for individual assigning testing. On the base of our results the group of Slovak White Improved population was strongly mixed with Yorkshire breed and the group of all Landrace individuals was presented as enclosed population. Keywords
BURÓCZIOVÁ, M., ŘÍHA, J., ŽIDEK, R., TRANDŽÍK, J., JAKABOVÁ, D.: Genetic structure of nine horse populations. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2008, LVI, No. 2, pp. 57-60 In the present study was estimate the genetic diversity and relationships among nine horses breeds in Czech and Slovak Republic.In conclusion, the main objective of study was to show the level of genetic distance among the horse breeds with diff erent history of breeding of each country. Furthermore, it should be clarifi ed whether these populations and subpopulations are distinct enough from each other to justify defi ning separate breeds. This research concerns the variability of microsatellite markers in genotypes of horse.
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