This paper reviews the work carried out under the European ACTS KEOPS (KEys to Optical Packet Switching) project, centering on the definition, development and assessment of optical packet switching and routing networks capable of providing transparency to the payload bit rate. The adopted approach uses optical packets of fixed duration with low bit rate headers to facilitate processing at the network/node interfaces. The paper concentrates on the networking concepts developed in the KEOPS project through a description of the implementation issues pertinent to optical packet switching nodes and network/node interfacing blocks, and consideration of the network functionalities provided within the optical packet layer. The implementation, from necessity, relies on advanced optoelectronic components specifically developed within the project, which are also briefly described.

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The deployment of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) provide more flexibility [5,6] to optical connections and to adapt optical networks to bursty data traffic.In this paper we describe a solution that offers packet granularity in the optical domain at the convergence of ROADM and Ethernet technologies. While the approach is driven by new optical technology, the design must consider the performance of the entire network. We begin the paper with a description of the network specifications, and after a description of the network elements we address the optical technologies that are required. We then describe key results that demonstrate the feasibility of such a network and discuss the actions required to introduce this technology to the marketplace. Finally, we describe the control plane with some performance metrics.

This article will analyze the rationale and technical solutions for the use of optical packet switching techniques for both backbone and metropolitan applications. It will also provide information on state-of-the-art technologies available for medium-term product development.

An optical packet switching matrix for Mu1:iTerabit-class rourerdswitches has been prototyped. It is based on novel integrated optical gate arrays and asynchronous packet-mode receivers. Full asynchronous operah'on wirh IOG RZ opricat packers is demonsrrared for the first time.

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