For two fairly similar areas, forest vegetation is compared in relation to broad features of the land. Items considered include location and land areas, history and forest resources, relief and climate, potential commercial tree species and vegetation regions, bedrock geology, soil parent materials and soil development. Ecological knowledge is considered important for the effective transfer of silvicultural technology and the exchange of plant material between the two areas. Key words: China, Ontario, Vegetation regions, Tree species, Climate, Soils, Forest ecology, Forest history.
Classification trends during the past 60 years to serve different management needs are reviewed. These trends include the adaptation of European vegetation typology to Canadian conditions, the delineation of regions meaningful to forest management, the classification of forest ecosystems relevant to silviculture and of broader landscapes appropriate for integrated resource management and, finally, prime-site classification combining land features and technologic and socio-economic criteria to serve modern rationalization of management. Key words: Site classification, land classification, ecosystem classification, vegetation typology, ecological regions, forest ecology, land use planning, Canada.
In an area of about 1 500 square miles, ten parent material classes were recognized on the basis of texture (grain-size) and petrography (base in rock fragments and carbonate content relate to nutrients available to plants). The distribution of materials in various landforms was related to mode, direction, and distance of transport from their bedrock sources by glaciation and by subsequent inundation by the post-glacial Champlain Sea.An ancient shoreline in the Ottawa Valley at 500 to 520 ft probably marks an important stage of the Champlain Sea.An improved basis for mapping soil series comes from such an understanding of the geologic events responsible for the distribution of parent materials.
A stereoscopic image of the land is obtained by examining aerial photographs through a stereoscope. Three major components of the stereoscopic image, namely relief, vegetation and land use, are used to identify forest soils in terms of parent material (texture and mineralogical composition), moisture regime, and depth to bedrock. Field knowledge of the forest ecology and of the geology of the area under consideration are basic requirements.
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