The dynamic and tremendous evolution of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has provided unique opportunities for citizen participation in democratic decision making processes. Such opportunities have been widely noted, in recent years, in processes like Participatory Budgeting (PB). From the originating practices of PB in Brazil, experiences of PB around the world have been uniquely exercised. While some processes leverage widely on the use of ICTs, others do not. The rationale of utilizing ICTs in PB processes with respect to challenges, benefits and resulted public value-add is still unclear. This has created a wide perspective on whether ICTs should be adopted in the traditional PB processes. This paper investigates the added public value through the use of ICTs in PB by comparing three models of participation in PB -offline, online and hybrid models. The comparison of these models reveals insights and understandings of diverse processes, challenges and underlying rationales of ICT use with respect to public value-add. In order to better understand the impact of ICTs to public value in PB, this paper proposes a framework for analyzing public value-add of ICT use in PB processes. The framework is used to assess ICT use in the three models of PB.
ResumoCom a escassez de materiais sustentáveis na construção civil, verificamos a alternativa da utilização de novos experimentos, criando um novo tijolo com maior resistência e durabilidade, como a fibra vegetal que além de ser um produto sustentável e de baixo custo também pode acrescentar ótimos resultados ao seus compósitos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo, confeccionar tijolos de solo cimento com adição da fibra vegetal e analisar suas principais características físicas e mecânicas. Os materiais utilizados foram: solo, cimento e água, seus ensaios foram feitos na Universidade Presidente Antônio Carlos, a primeira etapa foi a caracterização do solo, na segunda etapa foram confeccionados os tijolos com uma prensa manual e por ultimo foram feitos os ensaios da resistência á compressão e absorção da água nos tijolos. Palavras-chave: Materiais sustentáveis; Solo-cimento; Fibra vegetal; Construção civil. AbstractWith the scarcity of materials sustainaible in civil construction, we think in the alternative of use of new experiments,to increase of resistance and durability of the brick, such as fiber Development, v. 7, n. 9, p. 01-18, e779439, 2018 ISSN 2525-3409 (CC BY 4.0) 2 vegetable what beyond to be a product sustainable and from below can also add great results to their composites. This one job has with the objective, to make bricks solo cement with addition of the fiber vegetable and analyze its main characteristics physical mechanics . The materials used were: ground, cement water, their essay were made at University Antônio Carlos, the first we got the characterization of ground, on Monday stages were made the bricks with one press manual and for last were made test gives resistance the compression and absorption in water we brick. Em matéria de meio ambiente preservar os poucos recursos é primordial para manutenção da humanidade. A construção civil, através de uma educação ambiental, busca na atualidade, estabelecer uma forma de progredir, no estudo de novos materiais sustentáveis, atendendo as necessidades da sociedade com seu baixo custo e evitando a destruição ambiental. A utilização do solo como alternativa na construção civil advém desde os primórdios da humanidade, conforme relata Mazzeo Grande (2003), aprender a manipular o solo foi muitíssimo importante para o desenvolvimento do homem que passou a sair das cavernas e fixar-se em locais mais favoráveis à sobrevivência humana. Historicamente, civilizações como os Egípcios, Babilônios, apresentavam o domínio da utilização de adobe, portanto, isto vem se desenvolvendo a mais de 4.000 anos antes de Cristo. A exploração ao meio ambiente se da, pelos impactos gerados pela produção do tijolo tradicional, colaborando para a elevação do custo devido a grande procura e pouca demanda, assim encontrar novas alternativas é um passo importante para adequar as necessidades emergentes da sociedade, coincidindo com uma maior preservação do mesmo. Esta pesquisa parte da seguinte problemática: é possível melhorar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas do tijolo solo...
Various organizations, commissions and committees highlight the importance of teaching future accounting professionals through the combination of theoretical training and professional practice. The university must guarantee an accounting profession through graduates who can respond to the needs and global changes of the society. Curricular internships, conducive to experiential learning, allow the student to integrate classroom learning with professional practice, as well as to translate abstract theoretical concepts into reality. An increasing number of universities include the subject of internships within their curricula. All of this makes it interesting to analyse the impact these internships have on university students. This article presents, through factor analysis and the technique of structural equations, a model that comprehensively evaluates the impact of curricular internships in the accounting field on students. The information necessary to estimate the model was obtained through a questionnaire presented to students at the end of their internship period. The survey was completed by 279 students belonging to the Degrees in Business Administration and Management and in Economics at the Autonomous University of Madrid. Diversas organizaciones, comisiones y comités destacan la importancia de la enseñanza de los futuros profesionales de la contabilidad mediante la combinación de la formación teórica y la práctica profesional. La universidad debe garantizar una profesión contable a través de graduados que puedan responder a las necesidades y cambios globales de la sociedad. Las prácticas curriculares, propicias para el aprendizaje experiencial, permiten al estudiante integrar el aprendizaje en el aula con la práctica profesional, así como trasladar a la realidad conceptos teóricos abstractos. Cada vez son más las universidades que incluyen la asignatura de prácticas dentro de sus planes de estudio. Todo ello hace interesante analizar el impacto que estas prácticas tienen en los estudiantes universitarios. En este artículo se presenta, mediante análisis factorial y la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales, un modelo que evalúa de forma exhaustiva el impacto de las prácticas curriculares en el ámbito contable sobre los estudiantes. La información necesaria para estimar el modelo se obtuvo a través de un cuestionario presentado a los estudiantes al final de su período de prácticas. La encuesta fue cumplimentada por 279 estudiantes pertenecientes a los Grados en Administración y Dirección de Empresas y en Economía de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Part 3: EvaluationInternational audienceMost eParticipation initiatives have social, economic and environmental costs, financed in most cases with public funds, so it would be convenient to evaluate them in order to be transparent and consistent with the strategic objectives pursued. Thus, it is necessary to quantify, monetarily, both the economic, social and environmental aspects, and the value added generated by the practical application of this type of eParticipation initiatives. The main objective of this paper is to value, in monetary terms, the social and economic aspects of the implementation and development of an eParticipation experience based on eCognocracy. This evaluation will allow us to obtain the social and economic information as to the true value added that these initiatives contribute to society in general, and to give an appropriate answer to the new challenges and necessities in the sphere of public decisions that arise within the Knowledge Society
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