RESUMELes rôles de la forêt dans la satisfaction des besoins fondamentaux des populations riveraines sont multiples et variés. Le cas de la forêt "Bahazoun" au Bénin constitue une caractéristique primordiale mais mérite une surveillance particulière à cause de sa taille très restreinte et son appartenance au Dahomey-Gap. Une étude ethnobotanique a été réalisée auprès de 48 personnes à travers 4 hameaux riverains du village d'Avagbé afin d'inventorier les plantes utilisées par les populations avec leurs modes d'utilisation, de déterminer les caractéristiques biologiques et biogéographiques des espèces et d'analyser la perception des populations sur les stratégies de conservation de la forêt. Au total, 94 espèces végétales appartenant à 89 genres et 47 familles ont été recensées. Ces espèces sont impliquées dans 5 catégories d'usages dont la plus importante a été la pharmacopée (76,84%). Les plantes les plus prisées ont été : Dialium guineense (VU T =8,47) et Vitex doniana (VU T =8,42). Les ligneux (75%) ont été les plus récoltés et 51% des espèces sont guinéocongolaises. L'importance d'utilisation des ressources pourrait avoir des impacts négatifs graves sur la forêt avec des menaces sur la subsistance des populations dépendantes. La culture et la réglementation de la récolte des plantes médicinales spontanées pourraient réduire la pression sur ces ressources végétales. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Ressources végétales, utilisations, forêt Bahazoun, Bénin.Understanding the plant resource needs of the surrounding populations for sustainable management of the Bahazoun forest in South Benin (West Africa) ABSTRACT The importance of forests for satisfying the fundamental needs of riparian populations is multiple and various. The "Bahazoun" forest in Benin is particular but neeb one's attention because of small size and its location in Dahomey-Gap. An ethnobotanical study was carried out among 48 people in 4 hamlets surrounding the forest to inventory plant resources used by the population and their way of use to determine both the biological and biogeographical characteristics of the species and to analyse the population perception on forest conservation strategies. Over 94 plant species belonging to 89 genus and 47 botanical families were recorded. C. A. ADOMOU et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2040-2057, 2017 2041 The species were involved in 5 categories of use, and the most important was the Pharmacopoeia (76.84%). The most targeted plants were Dialium guineense (VU T = 8.47) and Vitex doniana (VU T = 8.42). Wood species (75%) represented the most used resources and 51% of the species were Guineo-congolese. The amount of resources used can seriously impact the forest negatively and represent a thread to the livelihood of the surrounding population who depends on it. The growing of medicinal plants and spontaneous plants harvest monitoring could reduce the pressure on plant resources.
Au Bénin des efforts scientifiques sont consentis pour la connaissance de la diversité végétale. Cleome gynandra L. (Caya blanc, Sabo en Adja, Akaya en Mahi et Semboué en Peulh) de la famille des Capparaceaes fait l'objet de cette étude à travers sa connaissance agromorphologique. La méthodologie utilisée passe par des observations et prélèvement dans la nature et jardins de case. Dix (10) pieds de la plante ont été collectés dans chaque zone climatique et un (1) pied dans le jardin botanique de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi. En plus des observations sur la plante complète, il est procédé à l’achat des graines de C. gynandra. Des variables quantitatives (hauteur de la plante, nombre de fruits par pied, longueur et diamètre des fruits, celle des pédoncules, nombre de ramification) et variables qualitatives (couleur, pilosité de la tige, couleur des fruits et graines et forme des feuilles) ont été observées, mesurées et calculées. Le traitement des variables a été possible par usage du logiciel XLSTAT- pro Version 2008. 1.01. Les relations entre variables ont été étudiées grâce à la matrice de corrélation de Pearson (n). Une Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP), a permis de ressortir si des différences significatives à un taux de 0,05 existent entre les variétés pour les caractères étudiés. L'étude a mis en évidence une grande variabilité agromorphologique dans les trois zones climatiques du Bénin par des caractères discriminant. Des différences significatives ont été observées entre les variables des trois zones climatiques d'une part et entre les individus issus des jardins de case et ceux collectés dans la nature d'autre part. L’ACP a mis en évidence trois grands ensembles. La classification ascendante hiérarchisée montre (8) ensembles qui tiennent compte des similarités et les observations.Mots clés : Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variété, caractères, légume feuille et République du Bénin. English Title: Morphological characterization of Cleome gynandra L. in Benin In Benin, scientific efforts are being made for knowledge of plant diversity. Cleome gynandra L. (White Caya, Sabo in Adja, Akaya in Mahi and Semboué in Peulh) of the family Capparaceae is the subject of this study through its agromorphological knowledge. The methodology used involves observations and sampling in the nature and house gardens. Ten (10) feet of the plant were collected in each climatic zone and one (1) foot in the botanical garden of the University of Abomey-Calavi. In addition to the observations on the whole plant, the seeds of C. gynandra are purchased. Quantitative variables (plant height, number of fruits per foot, fruit length and diameter, peduncles, number of branching) and qualitative variables (color, stem hair, fruit and seed color and leaf forms) were observed, measured and calculated. Variable processing was possible using the XLSTAT-pro Version 2008 software. 1.01. Relationships between variables were studied using the Pearson correlation matrix (n). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed if significant differences at a rate of 0.05 exist between the varieties for the characters studied. The study revealed a large agromorphologicalvariability in the three climatic zones of Benin by discriminating characters. Significant differences were observed between the variables of the three climatic zones on the one hand and between the individuals from the house gardens and those collected in the wild on the other hand. The CPA has highlighted three major groups. The hierarchical ascending classification shows (8) sets that take into account similarities and observations.Keywords: Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variety, characters, leaf vegetable and Republic of Benin.
The disappearance of resources with high genetic potential and great utility for people and the challenge of the conservation and sustainable management of these resources are two opposing facts of which the world is now concerned. In Benin, forests and agroforestry systems complement each other in wood supply for mortar and pestle manufacture. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the diversity of woody species used for mortar and pestle manufacture and to analyze the preferences of manufacturers through an ethnobotanical approach. Based on the snowball sampling method, and interviews with 112 manufacturers from different ethnic groups, we identified 31 tree species. These species belong to 30 genera and 13 plant families. The Fabaceae are more represented with 14 species (i.e. 45% of the total). Ten are frequently used. But there are four species, such as Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn., Prosopis africana (Guill. & Perr.) Taub., Terminalia glaucescens Planch. ex Benth. and Pericopsis laxiflora (Benth.) Meeuwen, which are highly preferred by manufacturers respectively. The calculation of the Indexes of Possession of Global Knowledge (IPSG) revealed that the ethnic group Nagot (0.204) possessed more knowledge and is followed by Mahi (0.201) and Fon (0.18) respectively. Forests and agroforestry systems are both supply sites for manufacturers. The non-parametric Wilcoxon test proved that there are no significant differences between the species' preference for mortars or pestles manufacture (v = 181, p-value = 0.38). Since the trees cutting in agroforestry systems can be destructive to them, provisions such as the promotion of agroforestry in rural areas and the integration of the used species in the reforesta-
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