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In southern Benin, medicinal plants are used for the health care of children aged 0 to 12 years. The present study aims to highlight some medicinal plants used in southern Benin to treat childhood diseases including malaria, candidiasis, teething disorders, infant colic and diarrhea. The phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the selected plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins (gallic and catechic), coumarins, anthocyanins and leuco-anthocyans, quinone derivatives, triterpenoids, steroids, saponosides and reducing sugars. These various metabolites possess various therapeutic properties involved in the treatment of the indicated disorders. This would confirm the therapeutic uses reported by the populations surveyed. However, the evaluation of antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities as well as the toxicity test of the aqueous extract of these plants would be necessary.European Scientific Journal January 2017 edition vol.13, No.3 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857-7431 472Keywords: Phytochemical screening, medicinal plants, infantile diseases, therapeutic property, South Benin. RésuméAu sud du Bénin, des plantes médicinales sont utilisées pour les soins de santé des enfants de 0 à 12 ans. La présente étude se propose de valoriser quelques plantes médicinales utilisées au sud du Bénin pour traiter les maladies infantiles dont le paludisme, la candidose, les troubles de dentition, la colique du nourrisson et la diarrhée. Le criblage phytochimique des rameaux feuillés des 10 plantes retenues révèle la présence d'alcaloïdes, de tanins (gallique et catéchique), de coumarines, d'anthocyanes et de leucoanthocyanes, de dérivés quinones, de triterpénoïdes, de stéroïdes, de saponosides et de sucres réducteurs. Ces divers métabolites possèdent diverses propriétés thérapeutiques pouvant intervenir dans le traitement des troubles indiqués. Ce qui confirmerait l'usage thérapeutique signalé par les populations enquêtées. Cependant l'évaluation des activités antipaludique, antibactérienne, anti-inflammatoire, analgésique de même que le test de toxicité de l'extrait aqueux de ces plantes seraient nécessaires.

BackgroundWe undertook ethnobotanical and ecological studies on fodder plants grazed by cattle across Benin national area. The study aims to ascertain the top priority fodder plants in order to catalogue the indigenous knowledge regarding their use.MethodsData were collected through semi-structured interviews and covered 690 breeders and 40 days of pasture walk. These were analysed using similarity index of Jaccard (IS), relative frequency citation (RFC) and fodder value during pasture walk (FVPW).ResultsWe documented a total of 257 fodder plant species, of which 116 recorded during ethnobotanical investigations and 195 during pasture walk. These species belong to 181 genera and 54 families. Both methods shared 52 species. Leaves (58%) and leafy stem (28%) were the most grazed parts of plant. The most common species used as fodder included Andropogon gayanus, Panicum maximum, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Flueggea virosa. The top species with a highest FVPW were Panicum maximum and Pterocarpus erinaceus. A total of 16 species were considered as top fodder plants in Benin.ConclusionsThe wide diversity of plants reported indicates that there is a number of promising fodder species in the flora of Benin. The insight gained in this study relating to bovine feeds could guide in the selection and introduction of feed innovations that could improve livestock production.

Aim:This study aims to identify the dominant viral animal pathologies and to list the traditional recipes used by the breeders for their treatment.Materials and Methods:The method of data collection was based on a retrospective survey. Thus, 787 breeders and agro-breeders scattered in the eight agro-ecological areas of Benin were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires.Results:In total, 5 pathologies were reported by breeders. Among those pathologies, foot and mouth disease was reported by all of the breeders of the southern part of Borgou compared with the other areas (p<0.05) and treated by 25 species of medicinal plants. African swine fever was the main pathology reported (22.92%) (p<0.05) in the fishery areas which is controlled by 7 medicinal plants. Pseudorinderpest was more reported (33.78%) (p<0.05) in the cotton area of central Benin and treated by 8 medicinal plants. There is also Newcastle disease that was mostly reported in the Western Atacora and treated by 32 medicinal plants as well as fowl pox which was a more reported in the lands of the bar area and the low-pressure area about 34.48% and 36.17% proportions, respectively, and treated by eight medicinal plants.Conclusion:The breeders in Benin possess rich ethno veterinary knowledge on medicinal plants and their uses in the treatment of livestock. A total of 57 medicinal plants have been inventoried to fight against five major viral diseases as African swine fever, pseudorinderpest and foot and mouth disease. The common plants used to treat viral disease in general were Euphorbia unispina, Euphorbia poissonii, Lannea acida, and Mangifera indica. The most harvested organs on the plants reported in this survey were the barks, the leaves, and the whole plants. To better develop our indigenous resources, it would be important to expand this ethno-pharmacological investigation to other diseases category.

, Tel : (00229) 95281461/97930816 RESUME Au Bénin, les plantes médicinales utilisées dans les soins infantiles sont peu documentées et leur connaissance risque de s'éroder progressivement. La présente étude se propose d'identifier les facteurs déterminant les connaissances liées à l'usage de ces plantes au Sud du Bénin. Une enquête ethnobotanique a été réalisée à travers des interviews individuelles et semi-structurées auprès de 708 personnes. Deux analyses de classification basées sur des arbres de décision ont été effectuées. La première a impliqué le nombre de plantes mentionnées par un enquêté et la seconde, le nombre d'usages ou de recettes rapportés. Quatre facteurs : la spécialisation en la médicine traditionnelle, l'appartenance à un groupe socioculturel, la position phytogéographique de l'enquêté et l'origine de la connaissance déterminent la connaissance relative au nombre de plantes utilisées pour traiter les pathologies infantiles. La connaissance relative au nombre de recettes formulées est fonction de la spécialisation en la médecine traditionnelle, de l'appartenance à un groupe socioculturel, et de l'origine de la connaissance. Cette étude pourra contribuer à la préservation du patrimoine végétal, au maintien et au renforcement des connaissances en matière des plantes médicinales infantiles. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Plantes médicinales, facteurs socioculturels et environnementaux, pédiatrie traditionnelle, SudBénin.Socio-cultural and environmental factors determining the knowledge of plants used for child care in southern Benin ABSTRACT In Benin, medicinal plants used in child care are poorly documented and their knowledge is likely to erode gradually. The present study aimedat identifying the factors determining knowledge related to the use of these plants in southern Benin. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out through semi-structured individual interviews with 708 people. Two classification analyzes based on decision trees were performed. The first involved the number of plants mentioned by each respondent and the second, the number of uses or recipes reported. Factors such as specialization in traditional medicine, ethnicity, phytogeographical position of the respondent and origin of knowledge determine the knowledge related to the number of plants used to treat infantile ailments. Knowledge about the number of recipes formulated depends on the specialization in S. A. KOUCHADE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(3): 1272-1287, 2017 1273 traditional medicine, ethnicity and the origin of knowledge. This study will contribute to the preservation of the plant heritage, to the maintenance and the strengthening of knowledge in the field of medicinal plants.

RESUMELes rôles de la forêt dans la satisfaction des besoins fondamentaux des populations riveraines sont multiples et variés. Le cas de la forêt "Bahazoun" au Bénin constitue une caractéristique primordiale mais mérite une surveillance particulière à cause de sa taille très restreinte et son appartenance au Dahomey-Gap. Une étude ethnobotanique a été réalisée auprès de 48 personnes à travers 4 hameaux riverains du village d'Avagbé afin d'inventorier les plantes utilisées par les populations avec leurs modes d'utilisation, de déterminer les caractéristiques biologiques et biogéographiques des espèces et d'analyser la perception des populations sur les stratégies de conservation de la forêt. Au total, 94 espèces végétales appartenant à 89 genres et 47 familles ont été recensées. Ces espèces sont impliquées dans 5 catégories d'usages dont la plus importante a été la pharmacopée (76,84%). Les plantes les plus prisées ont été : Dialium guineense (VU T =8,47) et Vitex doniana (VU T =8,42). Les ligneux (75%) ont été les plus récoltés et 51% des espèces sont guinéocongolaises. L'importance d'utilisation des ressources pourrait avoir des impacts négatifs graves sur la forêt avec des menaces sur la subsistance des populations dépendantes. La culture et la réglementation de la récolte des plantes médicinales spontanées pourraient réduire la pression sur ces ressources végétales. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Ressources végétales, utilisations, forêt Bahazoun, Bénin.Understanding the plant resource needs of the surrounding populations for sustainable management of the Bahazoun forest in South Benin (West Africa) ABSTRACT The importance of forests for satisfying the fundamental needs of riparian populations is multiple and various. The "Bahazoun" forest in Benin is particular but neeb one's attention because of small size and its location in Dahomey-Gap. An ethnobotanical study was carried out among 48 people in 4 hamlets surrounding the forest to inventory plant resources used by the population and their way of use to determine both the biological and biogeographical characteristics of the species and to analyse the population perception on forest conservation strategies. Over 94 plant species belonging to 89 genus and 47 botanical families were recorded. C. A. ADOMOU et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2040-2057, 2017 2041 The species were involved in 5 categories of use, and the most important was the Pharmacopoeia (76.84%). The most targeted plants were Dialium guineense (VU T = 8.47) and Vitex doniana (VU T = 8.42). Wood species (75%) represented the most used resources and 51% of the species were Guineo-congolese. The amount of resources used can seriously impact the forest negatively and represent a thread to the livelihood of the surrounding population who depends on it. The growing of medicinal plants and spontaneous plants harvest monitoring could reduce the pressure on plant resources.

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