Au Bénin des efforts scientifiques sont consentis pour la connaissance de la diversité végétale. Cleome gynandra L. (Caya blanc, Sabo en Adja, Akaya en Mahi et Semboué en Peulh) de la famille des Capparaceaes fait l'objet de cette étude à travers sa connaissance agromorphologique. La méthodologie utilisée passe par des observations et prélèvement dans la nature et jardins de case. Dix (10) pieds de la plante ont été collectés dans chaque zone climatique et un (1) pied dans le jardin botanique de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi. En plus des observations sur la plante complète, il est procédé à l’achat des graines de C. gynandra. Des variables quantitatives (hauteur de la plante, nombre de fruits par pied, longueur et diamètre des fruits, celle des pédoncules, nombre de ramification) et variables qualitatives (couleur, pilosité de la tige, couleur des fruits et graines et forme des feuilles) ont été observées, mesurées et calculées. Le traitement des variables a été possible par usage du logiciel XLSTAT- pro Version 2008. 1.01. Les relations entre variables ont été étudiées grâce à la matrice de corrélation de Pearson (n). Une Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP), a permis de ressortir si des différences significatives à un taux de 0,05 existent entre les variétés pour les caractères étudiés. L'étude a mis en évidence une grande variabilité agromorphologique dans les trois zones climatiques du Bénin par des caractères discriminant. Des différences significatives ont été observées entre les variables des trois zones climatiques d'une part et entre les individus issus des jardins de case et ceux collectés dans la nature d'autre part. L’ACP a mis en évidence trois grands ensembles. La classification ascendante hiérarchisée montre (8) ensembles qui tiennent compte des similarités et les observations.Mots clés : Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variété, caractères, légume feuille et République du Bénin. English Title: Morphological characterization of Cleome gynandra L. in Benin In Benin, scientific efforts are being made for knowledge of plant diversity. Cleome gynandra L. (White Caya, Sabo in Adja, Akaya in Mahi and Semboué in Peulh) of the family Capparaceae is the subject of this study through its agromorphological knowledge. The methodology used involves observations and sampling in the nature and house gardens. Ten (10) feet of the plant were collected in each climatic zone and one (1) foot in the botanical garden of the University of Abomey-Calavi. In addition to the observations on the whole plant, the seeds of C. gynandra are purchased. Quantitative variables (plant height, number of fruits per foot, fruit length and diameter, peduncles, number of branching) and qualitative variables (color, stem hair, fruit and seed color and leaf forms) were observed, measured and calculated. Variable processing was possible using the XLSTAT-pro Version 2008 software. 1.01. Relationships between variables were studied using the Pearson correlation matrix (n). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed if significant differences at a rate of 0.05 exist between the varieties for the characters studied. The study revealed a large agromorphologicalvariability in the three climatic zones of Benin by discriminating characters. Significant differences were observed between the variables of the three climatic zones on the one hand and between the individuals from the house gardens and those collected in the wild on the other hand. The CPA has highlighted three major groups. The hierarchical ascending classification shows (8) sets that take into account similarities and observations.Keywords: Cleome gynandra L, Akaya, variety, characters, leaf vegetable and Republic of Benin.
A b s t r a c t A r t i c l e I n f oWe analyzed in preliminary survey the behaviour of Cleome gynandra vis-à-vis germination characteristics as initial goal in any subsequent program towards its conservation and rehabilitation. To optimize seed germination, the influence of four different chemical treatments (drinkable water, distilled water, potassium nitrate [KNO 3 ] solutions 2 and 5 gL -1 ) on the seed germination parameters in three provenances collected in the main agro-climatic zones in Benin was examined. Final germination rate, germination speed and kinetics were analyzed and the data submitted to ANOVA. Kruskal-Wallis non parametric test were used to identify and classify treatments and accessions. Results revealed significant differences between them for all parameters. Germination capacity reached 72.00, 23.66 and 8.00% within Pop 16, Nord 14 and Sud 13, respectively when seeds were treated in KNO 3 5 gL -1 . Treatment KNO 3 2 gL -1 revealed the weakest germination capacities and no significant difference were noted anymore between Pop 16 and Sud 13 (TG=12.00%). Distilled water permitted to get meaningful differences between populations, and delivered best results compared to tap water and KNO 3 2 gL -1 . Little difference was noted for the germination speed (VG=0.17-0.18 seed/day) whatever the treatment. Germination capacity varied very significantly between treatments and accessions. Germination speed varied rather between accessions and less between treatments. Interactions Accession×Treatment were very significant for all estimated parameters indicating a relatively important contribution of the treatments to the phenotypic expression.
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