Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric illness that without early effective treatment becomes chronic with high physical, psychological and social morbidity and high mortality. Pilates exercises can improve quality of life and increase body awareness in different clinical and healthy populations. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the acceptability of a Pilates program in a sample of female children and adolescents with AN by evaluating the psychopathological status, alterations in the perception of body image and health-related quality of life after 10 weeks.Methods: A total of 12 female patients (age: 14.6 ± 1.7 years) completed the 10-week Pilates program. Psychopathology (EDI-3), body image disturbance (CDRS) and quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27) were evaluated before and after the intervention. A satisfaction questionnaire was also provided.Results: Regarding psychopathology, although there were standardized reductions in seven parameters of those that form EDI-3, none of them reached significance. In relation to body image, significant, moderately standardized and substantial decreases were observed in the body dissatisfaction (p = 0.046, Cohen's d = −0.69). There were significant, large standardized and substantial increases in physical well-being (p = 0.008, Cohen's d = 1.37) and significant, moderately standardized and substantial decreases in autonomy and parent relation (p = 0.021, Cohen's d = −0.60). Satisfaction data was positive. Conclusion:A Pilates program could help to improve perceived health outcomes by decreasing body dissatisfaction and increasing physical well-being in female children and adolescents with AN, so Pilates seems to be a beneficial complementary treatment in Martínez-Sánchez et al.Acceptability Pilates Children Adolescents AN children and adolescents with AN. These findings from our pilot study are encouraging for future research with a substantially larger sample size, representing the first phase of a longer process.

In higher education it is important to consider learning styles of students to facilitate the teaching–learning process. The aims guiding the research were to describe the learning styles predominating among students in the field of the social sciences, to analyse the results with respect to gender, year of study, degree course and institution, and to perform correlation analysis between these variables. The data analyses were carried out with non-parametric statistics with a confidence level of 95%. The sample was composed of 636 students at the Universities of Huelva (UHU), Cádiz (UCA), and Pablo de Olavide of Seville (UPO), who completed the Honey–Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire and reported sociodemographic and educational data. The results showed a significant preference for the Reflector style. Significant correlations were found in most variables highlighting that the courses showed an inverse correlation with the learning styles, the Activist, Theorist, and Pragmatist styles being less preferred as they progressed in the career. It is worth noting the significant direct correlation between Reflector, Theorist, and Pragmatist styles, but the Activist style inversely correlates with all three. As a complementary contribution, a proposal for intervention in classrooms with a sustainable perspective is offered. It is important to attend to the evolution in the preference of the learning styles that students acquire as they advance in higher education courses in order to facilitate a more optimal and sustainable teaching–learning process.

RESUMENUn creciente cuerpo de investigación sugiere que un mayor rasgo de Inteligencia Emocional (IE) influye en el desarrollo óptimo del bienestar y el ajuste psicológico, como por ejemplo en un estado afectivo positivo. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que relacionen estas variables en función de las diferencias de género. Por ello, los objetivos de este trabajo son establecer si existen diferencias según el sexo en cada dimensión de la IE y en los estados afectivos. Además, este estudio se centra en comprobar la existencia de relaciones entre la IE y el afecto, estableciendo la contribución de la IE predictor del estado afectivo tanto para la muestra total como diferenciando en hombres y en mujeres. Participaron 467 estudiantes universitarios, 82,4% mujeres, con una edad media de 21,79 años (D.T. = 5,19). Se utilizó para medir la IE el cuestionario TMMS-24 y para los estados afectivos el PANAS. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < .05) entre hombre y mujeres en el afecto positivo, siendo mayor en los hombres. Además, existen correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional y los afectos (p<.01). En cuanto al valor predictivo de la IE, los resultados mostraron que las tres dimensiones de IE predicen en ambos sexos el afecto negativo, siendo la varianza explicada de un 21,2% en mujeres y aproximadamente el doble en hombres (37,5%). Sin embargo, con el afecto positivo son las variables atención y regulación emocional las que predicen un 16,7% de la varianza en las mujeres,

The objective is to determine the influence of substance consumption, emotional intelligence, and academic context on the two main indicators of the quality of university education: academic achievement and degree of satisfaction. Participants in the study were 202 students (82.2% female; mean age 21.83 years). Data were collected with a questionnaire including six parts: sociodemographic data, substance consumption, levels of satisfaction, academic context, academic performance (calculated by averaging the grades of all exams completed) and the Trait Meta Mood Scale-24 to assess emotional intelligence. Data were analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression. The results reveal that prior achievement and satisfaction with academic advances explain 34.9% of academic achievement. However, the predictor variables of satisfaction are different: academic context (academic course and hours of study), emotional intelligence (clarity and repair), and substance consumption (hallucinogenic substances consumed in the last 12 months). All of them explained 23.1%. It is concluded that the personal determinants of university students should be dealt with transversally in order to affect achievement and satisfaction, thus improving the quality of the university system.

Desde la integración de las universidades españolas en el Plan Bolonia se fomenta una mayor autonomía del estudiante en la adquisición del conocimiento y de su práctica aplicada; sin embargo, no se está analizando los procesos neuropsicológicos de las funciones ejecutivas (FF.EE.), como es la toma de decisiones (TD), necesarios para vehiculizar dicha autonomía formativa. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el proceso de la TD en una muestra de estudiantes de la Universidad de Huelva, utilizando la Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), que evalúa los procesos emocionales y motivacionales de la TD. Participaron 101 estudiantes de las titulaciones de Psicología y de Ciencias del Trabajo con media de edad de 21.44 años (DT= 2.879), siendo el 80% mujeres, sin diferencias significativas entre grupos en sexo (X2= .123; p= .725), edad (t= .804; p= .423), ni nivel socioeconómico (U= 1151.000; p= .335). Los resultados mostraron unos Índice Gambling (IG) negativos, o decisiones arriesgadas, siendo menos desventajosas en Psicología (IG= -.416) que, en CC. Trabajo(IG= -1.077). En la evolución del aprendizaje de la IGT también se mantiene esta tendencia, especialmente, en el penúltimo bloque (IG parcial: b4) cuando ya se ha comprendido el objetivo de la tarea, siendo los estudiantes de CC. del Trabajo los que se resisten más a dejar las elecciones arriesgadas a corto-medio plazo, en lugar de tomar elecciones más ventajosas a largo plazo. Concluimos  que estos resultados son compatibles con lo existente en la bibliografía referente a la Hipótesis del Marcador Somático (HMS) de Damasio (1994-1996) sobre la maduración de la corteza prefrontal, especialmente implicada en el pensamiento complejo y procesos emocionales de la Toma de Decisiones, por lo que, junto al fomento de la autonomía del estudiante indicada por Bolonia, debería atenderse en las universidades a la formación sobre estos procesos.

The Iowa gambling task (IGT) is an instrument for the neuropsychological evaluation of cognitive and emotional decision making (DM) processes that was created to test the somatic marker hypothesis (SMH) described by Damasio in 1994. It was initially applied to patients with frontal lobe lesions due to its association with executive functions but was subsequently used on patients with a variety of disorders. Although the DM process is inherently perceptual, few studies have applied the IGT to examine DM processes in patients with eating disorders (EDs), and even fewer have associated the IGT to the perceptual distortion of body image (PDBI) in this population. People diagnosed with ED exhibit heightened control over their somatic responses—for example, they can delay digestion for hours—and DM may be affected in this condition. This study compares the performance of two samples of adolescent women—hospitalized patients with ED, and healthy controls with similar demographic characteristics—on the IGT using body image as a possible factor in the SMH. Seventy-four women with a mean age of 14.97 years (SD = 2.347) participated. To analyze their body self-image, we used the figure-rating scale and compared the results with their body mass index (BMI). Correlations between indices of the IGT and distortion in body image were then explored. The results revealed significant differences between the groups in terms of evolving performance on the partial IGT. Patients with ED performed worse than their healthy counterparts in the last 40 trials and exhibited greater distortions in their body image, especially in terms of overestimation. Indices of these distortions were negatively correlated with the total IGT. These results are compatible with the SMH because they suggest that patients with ED evinced blindness with regard to the future, as described by their authors. In addition, a negative correlation was found between the IGT and PDBI, showing that a more distorted body image was associated with lower IGT, that is, more disadvantageous or riskier decisions were made by the subjects with more distortion.

RESUMENLos informes de la OMS sobre la salud de jóvenes de 20 a 24 años, indican numerosos factores de riesgos sanitarios que aumentan las cargas de morbilidad, siendo además esta actual cohorte de jóvenes la mayor que ha existido jamás en el mundo. Entre estos factores, se citan los trastornos psicopatológicos de ansiedad y depresión, alteraciones alimentarias, consumo de alcohol y otras drogas ilícitas y hábitos comportamentales de riesgo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir algunos aspectos del estilo de vida, estado de salud autopercibido y ansiedad en una muestra de jóvenes estudiantes sanos de la Universidad de Huelva. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la entrevista semiestructurada sobre el estilo de vida y estado de salud CRD (Martínez-García, et al., 2014) y el ISRA (Miguel-Tobal y Cano-Vindel, 2002). Participaron 102 universitarios (80.4% mujeres), con edad media de 21.71 años (DT= 4.167). Los resultados mostraron tener un nivel socioeconómico medio (82.4%) y un estilo de vida en el entorno familiar, en general, saludable. Sobre salud, sin embargo, se destaca que el 14,9% reconoce "beber alcohol más de lo que quisiera", de los que el 73.4%, lo sitúan entre 2 y 3 copas de más y, hasta 7 copas de más, el resto. El 11.8% mostró consumo de drogas ilícitas y la misma proporción fueron las/los que bajaron su peso en un 10% en los últimos seis meses. Los resultados del ISRA mostraron puntuaciones diagnósticas de Ansiedad severa en el 42.6% de la muestra, el 21.8% con A. marcada y el 9.9% con ABSTRACTLifestyle, health status and anxiety in students of University of Huelva. The WHO reports, concerning the health of young people aged from 20 to 24, highlight numerous health risk factors that increase the burden of morbidity, representing this current cohort of young people the largest that has ever existed in the world. Among these factors are included psychopathological disorders such as anxiety and depression, dietary alterations, alcohol and other illicit drugs consumption, and behavioral risk habits. This study aims to describe some aspects of lifestyle, self-perceived health status, and anxiety in a sample of healthy young students from the University of Huelva. The instruments used were a semi-structured interview on lifestyle and health status CRD (Martínez-García, et al., 2014) and ISRA (Miguel-Tobal & Cano-Vindel, 2002). Participants were 102 university students (80.4% women), with an average age of 21.71 years (SD = 4.167). The results showed that participants had, in general terms, average socioeconomic level (82.4%) and healthy lifestyle in the family context. However, concerning their health status, it is noted that 14.9% of the sample admited "to drink more alcohol than they would like", of which 73.4%, stated a consumption between 2 and 3 drinks and the remaining up to 7 drinks. The 11.8% of the sample showed illicit drugs consumptionand thesame proportion those who lost 10% of their weight in the last six months. The ISRA results showed diagnostic scores of severe Anxiety in 42.6% of the...

RESUMENLa juventud es una de las etapas marcadas por el inicio de conductas de riesgo, comportamientos que estudios previos asocian a niveles altos de impulsividad, de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (BS) y a un manejo inadecuado de la Inteligencia Emocional (IE). Estos factores se relacionan y necesitan un modelo explicativo, así como realizar una comparativa de género para diseñar programas preventivos más personalizados. Por ello, los objetivos son: a) establecer las diferencias de género en la IE, en la BS y en la impulsividad, b) comprobar cómo se relacionan estos factores, y c) clarificar el valor predictivo de la IE y los rasgos de impulsividad en la BS tanto en el total de la muestra como en hombres y mujeres. Participaron 422 jóvenes estudiantes universitarios, 82,9% mujeres y con una edad media de 20,48 años (D.T. = 1,93). Se utilizó para medir la IE el cuestionario TMMS-24, la Escala SSS-V y para la impulsividad el cuestionario BIS-11. Los resultados mostraron diferencias de género, estadísticamente significativas (p < .05), en las dimensiones: búsqueda de emociones y aventuras, desinhibición, impulsividad cognitiva y no planeada, siendo mayores las puntuaciones en hombres. Además, existen correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las dimensiones de IE, de BS y de la impulsividad (p<.05). Y, por último, tanto la impulsividad como la inteligencia emocional predicen, con un 21,4%, los niveles de búsqueda de sensaciones en las mujeres. Sin embargo, solo la impulsividad no planeada es la que predice un 19% de la varianza explicada de la BS en hombres. Se concluye la existencia de diferencias de género tanto en las dimensiones como en el papel predictivo de la IE y los rasgos de impulsividad en la BS, por lo que ha de tenerse en cuenta de cara a futuras intervenciones. ABSTRACTPredictive model of emotional intelligence and traits of impulsivity in sensation seeking in young university students: a gender comparison. Youth is a stage marked by the onset of risk behaviors, behaviors that previous studies associated with high levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking (SS) and inadequate levels in emotional intelligence (EI). These factors are related and need an explanatory model, as well as a gender comparison to design more personalized preventive programs. Therefore, the objectives are: a) to establish gender differences in EI, SS, and impulsivity, b) to check how these factors are related, and c) to clarify the predictive value of EI and the traits of impulsivity in SS both for the total sample and for men and women. Participants were 422 young university students, 82.9% women, with an average age of 20.48 years (SD = 1.93). The TMMS-24 questionnaire was used to measure IE, the scale SSS-V and for impulsivity the BIS-11 questionnaire. The results showed statistically significant differences (p <.05) between men and women in search for emotions and adventures, disinhibition, cognitive impulsivity and unplanned, being higher for men. In addition, there were statistically significant correlations between the ...