Silver-containing dressings are considered fundamental to the management of infected acute and chronic wounds, specifically burns. The aim of this study was to determine both the spectrum of activity and efficacy of an Alginate/CMC Silver Dressing (ACSP) on planktonic microorganisms by conducting a 21-day repeat-challenge log reduction study. ACSP was found to have a microbiocidal effect, for up to 21 days, on all bacteria and yeast challenged. The results demonstrated an antimicrobial efficacy similar to Hydrofiber Silver Dressing's (HSD) up to day 14 for each microorganism tested. However, following a second reinoculation of microorganisms at day 14, ACSP showed antimicrobial efficacy superior to HSD's against a number of opportunistic pathogens, which included Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The ACSD maintained its antimicrobial action against all microorganisms over the 21-day study period.

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This paper presents the emergence of G20 summits from their roots in the G8 summit and G20 ministerial forum, along with the sequence of G20 summits through the Cannes Summit of November 2011. It explores the trajectory of these three key global forums, and the dynamics carrying forward the G20 summit as a major new mechanism of global governance. This history is in a continuing process of evolution, and is itself defining the issues and challenges facing the global economy and political leaders of G20 countries.Author Notes: The authors are grateful to the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, for financial support for the Brookings-CIGI Seminar Series on international and global governance reforms, an annual series under their direction since 2006. Colin Bradford wants to express his gratitude to CIGI for direct financial support for his work and involvement in G20 issues over these years.

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All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 09 08 07 06 This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank, the Board of Executive Directors of the International Monetary Fund, or the governments they represent.The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund do not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

HERE IS now a good deal of excellent literatur that document the increasing role of developing countries in world trade in manufactures.' Treating developing countries as a whole or using regional classifications, without country data, however, leaves open the possibility that all developing countries are seen as moving along a similar path and participating relatively (or potentially) evenly in the growth in manufactured exports. In fact, the country experiences have been quite different. In an earlier study based on the period 1966-73, Bela Balassa, of John Hopkins University, noted that twelve countries accounted for 84 per cent of the exports of manufactured goods from developing countries in 1973 and that 'no other developing country accounted for more than three per cent of the total'.' RISE OF THE NEWLY INDUSTRIALISING COUNTRIESIn the period since 1973 there has been a further narrowing of the range of developing countries that are significant exporters of manufactures on a global scale. By 1976, the Republic of Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore accounted for over 90 per cent of the manufactured exports from East Asia; India, 75 per cent of manufactured exports from South Asia; and Brazil, Mexico and Argentina, 70 per cent of Latin America's industrial exports. Together, these eight newly industrialising countries accounted for over three quarters of the manufactured exports from the developing world in 1976.3 There has been a considerable gap between these eight countries and what could be called the 'next tier' of developing countries, with Colombia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Pakistan and Thailand having been the