Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...

OBJETIVOS: determinar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de sete a nove anos de uma escola pública de Florianópolis. MÉTODOS: foram investigadas 419 crianças entre sete e nove anos de idade, sendo 215 (51,3%) do sexo masculino e 204 (48,7%) do feminino. Como critério diagnóstico de sobrepeso e obesidade foram utilizados os pontos de corte de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Para a verificação das diferenças entre prevalências utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: encontrou-se prevalência de 17,9% de sobrepeso, sendo maior no sexo masculino (19,1%) do que no feminino (16,7%) e 6,7% de obesidade, com maiores valores no sexo masculino (7,9%) do que no feminino (5,4%), embora a diferença não tenha sido estatisticamente significante. Observou-se maior prevalência de sobrepeso entre as crianças de oito anos (20,4%) e a maior prevalência de obesidade entre aquelas de nove anos (6,8%). Considerando-se faixa etária e sexo a maior prevalência de sobrepeso foi no sexo feminino aos oito anos e de obesidade no sexo masculino aos sete anos de idade. CONCLUSÕES: verificou-se uma elevada prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade, quando comparada a outros estudos nacionais e internacionais. Esses achados apontam para a adoção de medidas de intervenção nutricional visando à melhoria dos hábitos alimentares e do estado nutricional dos escolares investigados.

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Objective: The aim of the current study was to identify and describe the meal and snack patterns (breakfast, mid-morning snack, lunch, mid-afternoon snack, dinner and evening snack) of public schoolchildren. Design: Cross-sectional study. Information on the previous day’s food intake was obtained through the Web-CAAFE (Food Intake and Physical Activity of Schoolchildren), an interactive questionnaire, which divides daily food consumption into three meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) and three snacks (mid-morning, mid-afternoon and evening). Each meal contains thirty-one food items and the schoolchildren clicked on the food items consumed in each meal. Factor analysis was used to identify meal and snack patterns. The descriptions of the dietary patterns (DP) were based on food items with factor loads ≥ 0·30 that were considered representative of each DP. Setting: Schoolchildren, Florianopolis, Brazil. Participants: Children (n 1074) aged 7–13 years. Results: Lunch was the most consumed meal (96·0 %), followed by dinner (86·4 %), breakfast (85·3 %) and mid-afternoon snack (81·7 %). Four DP were identified for breakfast, mid-morning snack, lunch, dinner and evening snack, and three for mid-afternoon snack. Breakfast, lunch and dinner patterns included traditional Brazilian foods. DP consisting of fast foods and sugary beverages were also observed, mainly for the evening snack. Conclusions: The results of the current study provide important information regarding the meal and snack patterns of schoolchildren to guide the development of nutrition interventions in public health.

The objectives of this study were to determine the percentile levels of the anthropometric indices body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC) and to verify possible correlations among theses indices in schoolchildren registered at the State Institute of Education, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. A total of 419 children ages 7 to 9 years were investigated: 215 (51.3%) boys and 204 (48.7%) girls. BMI, WHR, and WC were higher for boys than for girls. However, the differences were only statistically significant for WHR and WC. Prevalence rates were 17.9% for overweight and 6.7% for obesity. The anthropometric indices with the highest correlation were BMI and WC (r = 0.87 and p < 0.01). For overweight, BMI and WC also presented the strongest correlation (r = 0.74). For obesity, WHR and WC showed the best correlation (r = 0.54).

Two populations of Hordeum leporinum have evolved resistance to paraquat within a small area in central Tasmania, Australia. One population (THL1) was more than 80-fold resistant to paraquat when treated in winter, compared with a susceptible population (THL4) collected nearby, whereas the other population (THL2) was only 19-fold resistant. Translocation of paraquat was examined in all three populations at warm and cool temperature regimes. Herbicide was applied to a basal section of the second leaf of plants kept in the dark and translocation measured after 16 h of dark and during a subsequent light period. Paraquat absorption into the treated leaf was uniformly high in susceptible and resistant populations, with >93% of the applied herbicide absorbed within 16 h in the dark at both tempera-tures. Translocation of paraquat out of the treated leaf was low in the dark, with <4% of the herbicide translocated to the remainder of the plant. More herbicide was translocated out of the treated leaves in susceptible plants in the dark, compared with resistant plants at both temperature regimes and more paraquat was translocated at warmer temperatures. Extensive basipetal translocation of paraquat to the rest of the plant occurred in susceptible plants following exposure of the treated plants to light. However, basipetal translocation was much reduced in resistant plants in the light and corresponded to the degree of resistance. Resistance to paraquat in H. leporinum is the result of reduced translocation of paraquat out of the treated leaves.

Resumo Com o intuito de analisar a adequação dos Planos Estaduais de Segurança

ResumoIntrodução: Na medida em que mais pessoas vivem até a idade avançada, aumenta a prevalência de doenças em que a idade é fator de risco, como as doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Descrever as prevalências de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em idosos não institucionalizados, conforme sexo e grupo etário. Método: Estudo transversal com amostra de conveniência composta por idosos não institucionalizados. Foram analisadas as variáveis hipertensão arterial, hipercolesterolemia, excesso de peso e adiposidade abdominal. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado para a análise das diferenças estatísticas. Resultados: As prevalências de hipertensão arterial, hipercolesterolemia, excesso de peso e adiposidade abdominal foram, respectivamente, de 82,30% para idosas e 76,81% para idosos ( p>0,05), 43,64% para idosas e 25,48% para idosos ( p<0,05), 47,40% para idosas e 36,12% para idosos ( p<0,05) e de 76,16% para idosas e 41,06% para idosos ( p<0,05). A respeito das diferenças por grupo etário, identificouse menor prevalência, somente para o excesso de peso, à medida que a idade avança. Conclusão: As idosas podem ser consideradas como grupo mais vulnerável para fatores de risco cardiovascular, pois tiveram maior número de medidas com valores acima do recomendado, bem como maior prevalência de hipertensão arterial, hipercolesterolemia, excesso de peso e adiposidade. Com relação ao grupo etário, identificou-se menor prevalência somente para o excesso de peso, à medida que a idade avança. AbstractIntroduction: As people live longer, prevalence of diseases in which age is risk factor increase, as cardiovascular disease Objective: To investigate the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in non-institutionalized elderly by different age and sex groups. Method: Cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of non-