The effects of orthodontic tooth movement on pulpal responses are of interest to the clinician. Alterations to pulpal physiology may result in altered responses to external stimuli. This pilot project tested a small group of orthodontic patients during the early stages of treatment. Heat, cold and electrical stimuli were applied prior to treatment, after the placement of fixed appliances and after one month of force application. A smaller group was tested after two months of force application. One month after force application there was a lack of response to electrical stimulation but there was continued response to thermal stimulation. The lack of response to electrical stimulation continued in the smaller group up to two months. The results suggest that the outcome of electric pulp testing during orthodontic treatment should be interpreted cautiously. Thermal testing will offer more reliable data.
Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) is a common and painful condition. Twice-daily use of a 5% calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste reduces DH within 1-2 weeks of initiating use. Ongoing, twice daily use of the sensitivity toothpastes evaluated in this study was associated with continued, clinically significant improvements in DH.
Objectives:Two studies were carried out to investigate whether the effect of specific oral care feed-back devices would result in better plaque removal (Study 1) and lead to changes in attitudes and views relating to oral health (Study 2). The objective of.the first study was to compare the ability of a toothbrush system consisting of a new toothbrush plus plaque disclosing tablet (SIGNAL Integral) to remove supra-gingival plaque to that of a marketed toothbrush (Oral B Cross Action) following a single unsupervised brushing . Methods: Study 1 had a cross-over design and included 21 healthy adult volunteers. Subjects refrained from any form of oral hygiene for 24 hours prior to each test session. Plaque levels (Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque index) were assessed prior to and following each unsupervised brushing. When the new toothbrush was used, subjects self-disclosed their plaque with a disclosing tablet (erythrosine) immediately prior to brushing. At each occasion, brushing time (in sec) was also recorded . Study 2 had a two-cell , parallel deSign (test and control group) and lasted for five days. Healthy adult volunteers were enrolled. Subjects in the test group (n=30) were given a fluoride toothpaste and four saliva test strips to use at home. The saliva test strip is designed to change colour in the pH range of 6.S to 10, allowing the user to verify the effect of brushing. The control group (n=29) received no saliva test strips. Subjects completed a questionnaire after 4 days of product use. Results: In Study 1, significantly more plaque was removed (p
Objective: To compare the antimicrobial efficacy and effect on plaque growth of a new silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing 2% zinc citrate/ 0.3% Triclosan with a silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing 0.3% Triclosan/2% copolymer. Methods: In Study 1, plaque was collected after one week's use of each toothpaste and assessed for bacterial viability, live/ dead ratio and microbial membrane integrity. In study 2, plaque was measured immediately and 18 hours after a single brushing with the specified toothpastes. Results: The 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan formulation significantly reduced the total number of viable aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (p:=0.0223 and p:=0.0443 respectively) compared to the 0.3% Triclosan/2% copolymer formulation. Both toothpastes increased the bacterial membrane permeability significantly. However, the proportion of live bacteria for the 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan product was significantly reduced (p<0 .05) . Study 2 showed significantly less plaque growth 18 hours after using the 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan toothpaste compared to the 0.3% Triclosan/2% copolymer toothpaste (p<0.01). Conclusion: Regular use of a fluoride toothpaste containing 2% zinc citrate and 0.3% Triclosan , significantly reduced the viability of plaque bacteria compared to a fluoride toothpaste containing 0.3% Triclosan/ 2% copolymer 12 hours after brushing. In addition, a clinical plaque growth study confirmed that this antimicrobial efficacy leads to a significant reduction in plaque growth.
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