‘Italia’ grape is one of the most important table grape cultivars grown worldwide. Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr., is one of the most important causes of postharvest decay of table grapes, and the control of this disease is very difficult because postharvest treatments with synthetic fungicides are not allowed in many countries. The objective of this study was to compare different types of pads releasing different doses of SO2 during cold storage to control gray mold in ‘Italia’ table grapes grown under subtropical conditions. Grape bunches were harvested from a commercial field trained on an overhead trellis located at Cambira, state of Parana (PR), South Brazil. The grapes were packed into carton boxes (capacity, 4.5 kg) and subjected to the following SO2 pad treatments (Uvasys®, Cape Town, South Africa) under cold storage (1.0 ± 1 °C) for 50 days: (i) Control; (ii) SO2 slow release pad; (iii) SO2 dual release pad; (iv) SO2 dual release–fast reduced pad; (v) SO2 slow release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension; (vi) SO2 dual release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension; and (vii) SO2 dual release-fast reduced pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension. After cold storage, the grape boxes were maintained for 7 days at room temperature (25 °C). The incidence of gray mold on the grapes, firmness, shattered berries, stem browning, as well as other physicochemical variables, such as bunch mass, bunch mass loss, skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and SS/TA were evaluated. Both SO2 dual release pads were highly efficient in preventing the incidence of gray mold in ‘Italia’ grapes packed in clamshells during the 50-day period of cold storage and at room temperature, even with Botrytis-inoculated berries. The SO2 slow release pad showed lower efficiency, but was higher than the control. The SO2 dual release pad treatments provided the best results with respect to stem browning scores (fresh and green stems) during cold storage, and no differences were observed among the treatments with respect to the other physicochemical evaluations.

RESUMOPalavras-chave adicionais: Epidemiologia, Manejo integrado, Melhoramento genético.A ferrugem alaranjada é atualmente uma das principais doenças da cana-de-açúcar. Redução na produtividade de genótipos suscetíveis e intermediários superiores a 40% foram registradas em muitos países, inclusive no Brasil. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de monitorar os principais genótipos de cana-de-açúcar plantados no Brasil, sob alta pressão de inóculo, quanto à ocorrência e ao desenvolvimento da ferrugem alaranjada. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental da Usina Univalem, do Grupo Raízen S.A., localizada em Valparaíso (SP). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 38 tratamentos (genótipos) e quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por três linhas de cinco metros, espaçadas de 1,4m. Entre cada parcela foi incluída uma linha do genótipo CV14, suscetível à ferrugem alaranjada. A partir da emergência Araújo, K.L.; Canteri, M.G.; Gilio, T.A.S.; Neubauer, R.A.; Sanches, P.B.; Sumida, C.H.; Giglioti, E.A. Resistência genotípica e monitoramento da favorabilidade para ocorrência da ferrugem alaranjada da cana-de-açúcar. Summa Phytopathologica, v.39, n.4, p.271-275, 2013. das plantas, todas as parcelas foram monitoradas mensalmente para determinar o início do aparecimento dos sintomas da doença. Depois de constatados os primeiros sintomas, a severidade da ferrugem alaranjada foi quantificada mensalmente na folha +3 em três plantas por parcela. Os meses mais favoráveis para ocorrência da doença foram Fevereiro, Março, Abril e Maio. Foram observados sintomas da ferrugem alaranjada nos genótipos CTC 9, CV 14, RB93-5641, SP84-2025, RB72-454, SP89-1115, SP81-3250, RB85-5156, CTC 15, RB92-579, SP83-2847 e RB92-5211. Os genótipos SP84-2025 e CV 14 foram os mais suscetíveis à doença. Este trabalho contribui para aperfeiçoar o manejo integrado da ferrugem alaranjada no Brasil, além de auxiliar os programas de melhoramento visando à obtenção de novas variedades resistentes à doença.Currently, orange rust is one of the major diseases affecting sugar cane. Yield losses above 40% have been recorded for susceptible and intermediate genotypes in different countries, including Brazil. This study was developed with the aim of monitoring the major sugar cane genotypes grown in Brazil under high inoculum pressure for the occurrence and the development of orange rust. The experiment was conducted in an experimental field of Univalem Plant, Group "Raizen S.A.", located in Valparaiso (São Paulo State). The adopted experimental design was in randomized blocks with 38 treatments (genotypes) and four replicates. Each plot consisted of three lines of five meters, spaced 1.4 m apart. A line of genotype CV14, susceptible to orange rust, was included between each plot. From plant emergence, Araújo, K.L.; Canteri, M.G.; Gilio, T.A.S.; Neubauer, R.A.; Sanches, P.B.; Sumida, C.H.; Giglioti, E.A. Genotypic resistance and monitoring of favorability for the occurrence of orange rust in sugarcane. Summ...

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BRS Vitoria' (Vitis spp.) is a novel hybrid seedless table grape recommended for cultivation in tropical and subtropical areas, especially for overseas export. The main postharvest disease of this cultivar is botrytis or gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), which occurs even under low temperatures in cold chambers. Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) release pads have been used to control this disease under cold storage, but some grape cultivars are sensitive to certain levels of this compound. The objective of this work was to evaluate different types of SO 2 generator pads in order to prevent the incidence of gray mold of 'BRS Vitoria' seedless grape, as well to avoid other grape injuries during cold storage. Grape bunches were harvested when fully ripened (16 • Brix) from a commercial field trained on overhead trellis and located at Marialva, state of Parana (PR) (South Brazil). Grapes were packed into carton boxes and subjected to the following SO 2 pad treatments (Uvasys ® , Cape Town, South Africa) in a cold chamber (2 • C): (a) control; (b) SO 2 slow release pad; (c) SO 2 dual release pad; (d) SO 2 dual release-fast reduced pad; (e) SO 2 slow release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea; (f) SO 2 dual release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea; and (g) SO 2 dual release-fast reduced pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea. After a 50-day cold chamber period, the grape boxes were kept for 7 days at room temperature at 25 • C. A randomized design was used with seven treatments and four replications, with five bunches per plot. The incidence of gray mold on grapes was evaluated after the 50-day cold storage and after the 7-days-at-room-temperature periods, as well other grape physicochemical variables, such as shattered berries, stem browning, bunch mass, bunch mass loss, skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA. The dual release pads were more efficient in preventing the incidence of gray mold and mass loss in 'BRS Vitoria' seedless grapes than the slow release pads in both storage periods. The incidence of shattered berries was lower when any type SO 2 pad was used during cold storage, and no effects were observed on stem browning, firmness, or berry skin color of 'BRS Vitoria' grapes.Horticulturae 2018, 4, 17 2 of 11 excellent flavor and firmness, this cultivar is a good option not only for the internal market, but also for export [1]. Therefore, it is necessary to develop techniques that allow postharvest conservation of this grape in cold storage for long periods.The fungus Botrytis cinerea, which causes gray mold, is considered one of the most damaging postharvest pathogens to the quality of table grapes during storage and transport over long distances. The control of this fungus is particularly important during refrigerated storage, as it also develops at low temperatures (−0.5 • C) and spreads rapidly through the berry clusters [2][3][4].Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is the main fungicide treatment used to retard the growth of this fungus in refrigerated chambers, and the purpose of i...

It was evaluated the effect of fungicides and the microbial control agent Trichoderma harzianum on the inhibition of the carpogenic and ascospore germination of 2010-11, reduziram em 75,7 e 77,6%, respectivamente.