Background: Covid-19 is a disease that can cause pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. Patients with severe infections should be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with a ventilator, while the ventilator facilities in the ICU are limited. For this reason, vigilance is needed by knowing conditions that can aggravate Covid-19, one of which is obesity, while existing findings regarding the relationship between obesity and the severity of Covid-19 disease are still inconsistent and adequate. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of obesity on the severity of Covid-19. Methods: This study uses a systematic review with the PRISMA method without meta-analysis, by searching for articles from online databases, namely Scopus and ProQuest, using the keywords obesity and covid-19 comorbidities. After selecting the title, the next step is to read the abstract and the article as a whole. Researchers used 12 relevant articles based on research titles and abstracts. Result: Several articles indicated that there was no significant difference in symptoms between patients suffering from obesity and Covid-19 and those suffering only from Covid-19. In subsequent analysis, obese patients have a poor prognosis of ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), severe symptoms, and a higher mortality rate among Covid-19 patients. Conclusions: Obese patients are at risk for Covid-19 infection. Obesity contributes to the severity and mortality of Covid-19 patients. This condition causes the patient to be admitted to the ICU. In addition, obese patients in adulthood are more susceptible to Covid-19 infection.
Background: Utilization of the telemedicine application is an alternative option for paediatric health services without a direct visit to hospitals, especially in pandemic or disease outbreak conditions. The important telemedicine services, especially for paediatric patients, need to be tackled by stakeholders and hospital management teams. This study aimed to investigate the acceptance and barrier in using telemedicine health services of hospitals among paediatric outpatients. Subjects and Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching from ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. The keywords were “telemedicine OR patient paediatric”. The inclusion criteria were open accessed and English-language articles published between 2019 to 2020. The data were reported by PRISMA flow chart. Results: Nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Feasibility and the easiness to use of the application, cost-effectiveness, less travel time, easy access to medicine, and effective health services were the optimal services received by paediatric outpatients in using telemedicine. The limitations of telemedicine services were lack of physical and diagnostic examinations, information for socio-demographic and socioeconomic status, patient insurance coverage, direct care services, and privacy and confidentiality of patients. Conclusion: Not all the conditions of paediatric outpatients receive optimal health services through telemedicine. An innovative approach is needed to improve telemedicine’s available health services, especially for paediatric outpatients who need direct health care without visiting the hospitals. Keywords: telemedicine, paediatric outpatients, health services Correspondence: Sarah Geltri Harahap. Master Program of Policy and Health Administration, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. Email: sarah.geltri@ui.ac.id. Mobile: +6281375985375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.31
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