Corporate planning with due consideration to the interaction between the firm and its environment is of great importance. Several developments make it essential that planning be more future-oriented, and take longer periods into consideration. Due to the changeability of, and interaction among factors, future-oriented corporate planning also requires a multidimensional knowledge of and approach to the variety of elements concerned. Consequently the nature of the planning process becomes more systemic or integrate. Factors which have contributed to the change include the influence of accelerated product and technology dynamics, the increase in capital intensive production processes, the rise of the professional manager, the advent of the modern multi-objective corporation, and consciousness of the social responsibility of the firm. It differs in several ways from mechanistic and fragmented short-term planning, and requires thorough knowledge and consideration of the likely future development of the interacting dimensions and factors. In this way it has led to the development of Futurology.Ondernemingsbeplanning met inagneming van die wisselwerking tussen die onderneming en sy omgewing is van groot belang. Verskeie ontwikkelings maak dit noodsaaklik dat beplanning meer toekomsgerig is en langer termyne in aanmerking neem. Weens die veranderlikheld van, en wisselwerking tussen faktore, vereis toekomsgerigte ondernemingsbeplanning ook 'n multi-dimensionele kennis van en benadering tot die verskeidenheid van betrokke elemente. Gevolglik word die beplanningsproses meer sistemles of integrerend van aard. Faktore wat tot die verandering bygedra het sluit in die invloed van versnelde produk- en tegniekdinamika, die toename in kapitaalintensiewe produksieprosesse, die opkoms van die professionele bestuurder, die opkoms van die moderne meerdoelige onderneming, en die bewustheid van die sosiale verantwoordelikheld van die onderneming. Dit verskil op verskeie maniere van meganiese en gefragmenteerde korttermynbeplanning, en vereis deeglike kennis en oorweging van die toekomsverloop van die wisselwerkende dimensies en faktore. So het dit gelei tot die opkoms van die Futurologie.
Traditionally environmental scanning for purposes of business planning was done in a compartementalized way in the sense that each influence was studied under the assumption that all other influences would remain constant. In a dynamic society where environmental change takes place at an accelerated pace, a total (integrated or holistic) approach to environmental scanning as the basis for business planning becomes necessary. This need will be demonstrated by way of examples in this paper in a twofold way. First, that the accelerated pace of change in the environmental influences is such that their implications for business planning can change even in the short run. Secondly, that the resultant cross impact of these changes invalidates the continuation of the trend-line approach as far as the result of the environmental influences on business planning is concerned.Tradisioneel was omgewingsverkenning as basis vir besigheidsbeplanning gekompartementaliseerd gedoen deurdat elke invloed bestudeer is onder die aanname dat alle ander invloede as konstantes beskou kan word. In 'n dinamiese gemeenskap waarin die pas van omgewingsveranderinge almeer versnel, is 'n totale (geintegreerde of holistiese) benadering in die verband essensieel as basis vir besigheidsbeplanning. Hierdie behoefte word op tweerlei wyse met behulp van voorbeelde in hierdie artikel geillustreer. Eerstens, dat die versnelde tempo van verandering in omgewingsinvloede sodanig is dat dit selfs oor die kort termyn veranderde implikasies vir besigheidsbeplanning kan he. Tweedens, dat die gevolglike kruisimpak tussen omgewingsinvloede in die proses van verandering se invloed op beplanning selde as 'n voortsetting van die historiese neigingslyn geneem kan word.
The acceptance of the marketing concept and the implementation of the principles on which it is based presupposes a thorough knowledge of market needs. If the marketing concept is applied at retail level in the South African motor industry, one should be able to assume that there is a high degree of agreement regarding the perceptions of consumers and sales personnel of what is important to a purchaser when buying a motor vehicle. The validity of this statement was tested by means of the following null-hypothesis: There is no difference with regard to the relative importance attached to different evaluation criteria between consumers and sales personnel, with the purchase of a passenger vehicle. Information provided by 902 consumers and 200 sales personnel revealed that significant differences (p 0,01) exist between the two groups with regard to 35 evaluation criteria and a further four criteria on the 0,05 level. The null-hypothesis is thus rejected with regard to 39 evaluation criteria in favour of the alternate hypothesis.
The influence of age on consumer behaviour in purchasing passenger motor cars. The decision to purchase a motor vehicle is complex and can be influenced by various factors. Age as a variable which may influence the purchase decision is of particular importance to both motor manufacturers and dealers. The hypothesis tested in this study is that there are no differences between various age groups pertaining to the relative importance of evaluation criteria when purchasing a passenger vehicle. With analysis of variance it was extablished that there were insignificant differences pertaining to 44 of the 65 criteria (p < 0,01) which could be evaluated. The alternate hypothesis was thus accepted with regard to 21 of the evaluation criteria. <p> <strong>Opsomming</strong> <br>Die besluit om 'n motorvoertuig te koop is van 'n komplekse aard en kan deur verskeie faktore beinvloed word. Ou-derdom, as veranderlike wat die besluit kan beinvloed, is van besondere belang vir motorvervaardigers- en handelaars. Die hipotese wat in die studie getoets word, is dat daar geen verskil bestaan wat betrefdie relatiewe belangrikheid wat verskillende ouderdomsgroepe aan evalueringskriteria heg by die aankoop van 'n passasiersvoertuig nie. Met behulp van variansie-ontleding is vasgestel dat onbeduidende verskille by 44 van die 65 evalueringskriteria (p < 0,01) wat oorweeg kon word, voorgekom het. Die alternatiewe hipotese word daarom met betrekking tot 21 evalueringskriteria aanvaar
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