We describe a method to induce hyperthermia in cells, in-vitro, by remotely heating Ni nanowires (NWs) with radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields. Ni NWs were internalized by human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). Only cells proximal to NWs or with internalized NWs changed shape on exposure to RF fields indicative of cell death. The cell death occurs as a result of hyperthermia, since the RF field remotely heats the NWs as a result of magnetic hysteresis. This is the first demonstration of hyperthermia induced by NWs; since the NWs have anisotropic and strong magnetic moments, our experiments suggest the possibility of performing hyperthermia at lower field strengths in order to minimize damage to untargeted cells in applications such as the treatment of cancer.

Dampened adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) function has been implicated in addiction through enhancement of goal-directed behaviors. However, the contribution of the A2AR to the control of impulsive reward seeking remains unknown. Using mice that were exposed to differential reward of low rate (DRL) schedules during Pavlovian-conditioning, second-order schedule discrimination, and the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), we demonstrate that deficits of A2AR function promote impulsive responses. Antagonism of the A2AR lowered ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in the dorsal hippocampus (dHip) and potentiated impulsivity during Pavlovian-conditioning and the 5-CSRTT. Remarkably, inhibition of ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation by U0126 in the dHip prior to Pavlovian-conditioning exacerbated impulsive reward seeking. Moreover, we found decreased A2AR expression, and reduced ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in the dHip of equilibrative nucleoside transporter type 1 (ENT1–/–) null mice, which displayed exacerbated impulsivity. To determine whether impulsive response behavior is associated with hippocampal neuroblast development, we investigated expression of BrdU+ and doublecortin (DCX+) following 5-CSRTT testing. These studies revealed that impulsive behavior driven by inhibition of the A2AR is accompanied by increased neuroblast proliferation in the hippocampus.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the biliary enhancement dynamics of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic-acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP) for contrast-enhanced MR cholangiography (MRC) in healthy subjects. Methods: 15 healthy volunteers underwent MRI at 1.5 T with volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination sequence. Each volunteer was scanned once for each contrast agent. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the liver parenchyma and common hepatic duct (CHD) and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of CHD to liver parenchyma were evaluated and compared before and at several time points (5,15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min) after injection of each agent. Results: SNR was significantly higher for Gd-EOB-DTPA than for Mn-DPDP in liver parenchyma after 5 min and in CHD after 15 min (p,0.05). CNR of CHD to liver parenchyma using Gd-EOB-DTPA showed an initial decrease at 5 min post-injection followed by a steep increase to a peak at 15 min post-injection. CNR using Mn-DPDP showed a steady increase to a peak at 15 min post-injection without an initial decrease. At 15 min, the value of CNR was significantly higher for Gd-EOB-DTPA than for Mn-DPDP (p,0.05). Conclusion: For both contrast agents, CNR reached a peak at 15 min after contrast injection. At this time point, CNR of Gd-EOB-DTPA was significantly higher than that of Mn-DPDP. Therefore, Gd-EOB-DTPA may provide better contrast-enhanced MRC than Mn-DPDP at 15 min after contrast administration. The bile ducts are generally studied using fast spin echo T 2 weighted sequences with half-Fourier reconstruction. This conventional MR cholangiography (MRC) examination is highly accurate in detecting biliary tree disease [1,2]. However, the conventional MRC has diagnostic limitations, which include poor visualisation of the intrahepatic biliary tree compared with the extrahepatic biliary tree [3], limited spatial resolution and not being able to provide functional information of the biliary tree.Contrast-enhanced MRC has created interest in the field of MRC because of its potential to provide functional assessment and to improve the visualisation of the intrahepatic biliary trees [4][5][6]. The specific indications include pre-operative anatomical assessment of the biliary tree in preventing inadvertent complications in common laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and also in complex biliary surgical procedures such as biliary-enteric anastomosis and liver transplantation; post-operative assessment of the biliary tree after surgery when complications such as bile leak or inadvertent biliary tree stricture or ligation are suspected; and functional assessment of bile secretion and excretion [7][8][9].Contrast-enhanced MRC is performed with hepatobiliary MR contrast agents such as mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP), gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic-acid (Gd-EOB-DPTA) or gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA), which are administered intravenously, taken up by the hepatocytes, and then excreted via the biliary syste...

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

A total of 27 low-friction arthroplasty were performed in 18 males and 9 f emales from May 1975 to July 1976 at the Kyung Hee University Hospital.Since this operation is slow l y g::tining popularity in Korea , the purpose of this pape r is to get acquainted with the pos to perative rad iological findings to the rad iologists.Of 27 cases, 8 cases were tuberculous arthritis . The remains were 6 cases of osteoarthritis, 6 cases of f emur nec k fracture , 5 cases of previous operation fa iJ ure and 2 cases of aseptic necrosis respecti veI y.The Charnley, Trapezoida l-28 and Müller prosthes is were used for the surgery.The post-ope rat ive complications were 3 cases of loosening of prosthesis, 2 cases of disrupted wiring, 2. cases of dislocation of prosthesis, 2 cases of fracture of femur artd 1 case of non-union of greter trochanter, respectively. 」 *홉 論 種類와 크기가 다르기 때문에 放射級科 醫帥는 이런 짧 어l 留意해야 한다. 著者들은 1975年 5 月 부터 1976年 7 月 까지 慶熙大學ttE A 工股關節替置術。! 웹施펀지는 이 c] 오랜 일이나 19 附屬病院에 서 施術한 A 工關節 替置術愚者의 x -總所見 70年 Charnl ey 에 依해서 低摩據般關節替置術(l ow-을 檢討하고 아울러 文敵的 考察을 하고자 한아. friction total hip replac e ment ) 이 提唱되 고 l惠者의 ，홍痛을 덜어 주고 關節의 正常位짧뽑의 可 能{生이 많아점 에 따라 近間에는 혐外의 射線科學雜誌에도 間或 A 工 빠 뼈節替置術 後의 x -線所見에 뼈한 文敵들이 눈에 뜨 이게 되었마. 따라서 우리 放射 綠 科醫들도 人工關節替 置術 特히 股關節替置術의 正常所見과 異常所見을 눈익 혀둘 必핏 플 느끼게 꾀였 으 며 더 우기 우리나라처럼 많 은 結核性股 뼈節 을 가진 環境下에서 는 特別한 意義흘 가 진다고 믿어진다. 愚者의 年없파 얹愚에 따라서 使用되 는 人;다뼈節의 훌 ~ 惠者의 年敵은 25歲 에 서 70歲사이 이 고 41-50歲 가 12 名으로 가장 많윤 연이 었으며 그 性別分布는 男뾰 18名 女性 9名이었다. (表 [ ) 흉病別分布는 結核性 關節 찢 817l J, 骨性 關節찢 6例， 大 骨·題部骨·折 6í7U , 1 次똥術 失敗 517l J, 無園{生壞死 217l J 이었마. (表 H) -157-

No abstract