A 2V 2.4GHz ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) frequency band LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) with negative resistance is proposed. The LNA is designed with 0.35um process. The noise figure including the resistance of inductors has been considered. An inductor is added between the MOS of cascode circuits to improve the matching and increase power gain. In addition to using negative resistance reduce an output parasitic resistance of spiral inductor. A performance of LNA with negative resistance is detailed to present in this paper.
This paper presents a rule-based algorithm for designing a smart volume controller used in TVs. The algorithm is able to detect variations of loudness coming from different audio sources, i.e., TV programs and commercials, and adjust the volume controller intelligently so that the maximum allowable loudness is kept while maintaining the dynamic range of the programs. The design has been implemented and tested. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this design. 1 .Index Terms -volume, perceived loudness (A-weighting), loudness filter, home entertainment systems. Grant NSC-101-2221-E-262-002. Chih-Hung Huang is with the Technology. His research interests focus on CMOS RF IC design, analog IC design, and bioelectric IC design.
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