Complete ureteral avulsion is a rare but severe complication. Autotransplantation of kidney and ureterovesical anastomosis may result in positive outcomes in patients with proximal ureteral avulsion.
Background: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the renal parenchyma is extremely rare, only 5 cases were reported. Case presentation: We probably report the fifth case of primary Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the renal parenchyma in a 61-year-old female presenting with intermittent distending pain for 2 months. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) revealed hydronephrosis of the right kidney, but a tumor cannot be excluded completely. Finally, nephrectomy was performed, and histological analysis determined that the diagnosis was kidney parenchyma squamous cell carcinoma involving perinephric adipose tissue. Conclusions: The present case emphasizes that it is difficult to make an accurate preoperative diagnosis with the presentation of hidden malignancy, such as hydronephrosis.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of brachytherapy (BT) versus external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on sexual function in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: Data were retrieved from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database until March 4, 2021. Analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4.1. The main clinical outcomes were the Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) scale and the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) scale scores for sexual function. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and their 95% CI. This study has undergone PROSPERO registration (No. CDR42021245438).Results: Among the 962 studies retrieved, eight prospective cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, covering a total of 2,340 patients, including 1,138 treated with BT alone and 1,202 treated with EBRT alone. The results demonstrated that BT was to some extent advantageous over EBRT in overall sexual function scores in patients with localized PCa during the immediate post-treatment period (SMD = −0.09, 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.01, p = 0.03), but this difference was not detectable at 3 months (SMD = −0.07, 95% CI: −0.18–0.05, and p = 0.25), 12 months (SMD = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.21–0.20, and p = 0.96), and 24 months (SMD = −0.09, 95% CI: −0.20–0.01, and p = 0.09) after treatment.Conclusion: Our analysis showed that BT showed a short-term advantage over EBRT in terms of sexual function in patients with localized PCa, but this difference diminished over time, though the conclusion needs to be further verified by a longer-term follow-up study.
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> To evaluate the potential predictive value of the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score combined with the RENAL score for intraoperative outcomes in retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) in an Eastern Asian population. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An initial of 388 patients undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic NSS were identified. MAP and RENAL scores were calculated according to CT and a logistic regression model was adopted as a combination of the RENAL score and the MAP score. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 293 patients were included. The overall intraoperative complication rate was 7.5% (21 cases). The MAP score was found to correlate with operation time (OT; <i>r</i> = 0.169), estimated blood loss (EBL; <i>r</i> = 0.318), and intraoperative complications (<i>r</i> = 0.242). The RENAL score was correlated with warm ischemia time (<i>r</i> = 0.503), OT (<i>r</i> = 0.334), intraoperative complications (<i>r</i> = 0.178), and EBL (<i>r</i> = 0.218). The MAP score and the RENAL score were reliable predictors of overall intraoperative complications, with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.728 and 0.759, respectively. After combination of these 2 scores, the AUC of overall intra-operative complications was improved with statistical significance (AUC = 0.847, combination vs. RENAL score: <i>p</i> = 0.044 < 0.05; combination vs. MAP score: <i>p</i> = 0.005 < 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The MAP score is an important predictor of EBL, OT, and intraoperative complications in retroperitoneal laparoscopic NSS and its combination with the RENAL score showed a superior predictive value compared to a single score in overall intraoperative complications. The MAP score might be considered in preoperative radiologic aspects as regularly as the RENAL score.
Although the critical role of complement component C3d as a molecular adjuvant in preventing virus infection is well established, its role in cancer prophylaxis and treatment is unclear. In this study, we constructed a recombinant plasmid encoding Flk-1 and C3d3 fusion proteins and investigated its transient expression in vitro in transfected eukaryotic cells and its antibody response in immunized mice. Subsequently, we investigated the vaccine's ability to elicit an immune response leading to suppression of angiogenesis and tumor growth in mice bearing bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Using Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry, we detected the expression of Flk-1 and C3d3 fusion proteins in COS-7 cells transfected with these recombinant plasmids. Further binding experiment using CR2 (C3d receptor) positive Raji cells that were incubated with transfected COS-7 supernatant indicated that C3d was successfully fused to Flk-1. Although both vaccines elicited peak antibody levels at 5 weeks, Flk-1-specific antibody titer in pSG.SS.Flk-1(ECD).C3d3.YL-immunized mice was significantly higher when compared to pSG.SS.Flk-1(ECD).YL-immunized mice. The results of experiments with bladder tumor-bearing mice showed that the vaccine inhibited tumor growth significantly. These results suggest that C3d plays a critical role in tumor immunotherapy by promoting antibody response in Flk-1-based DNA vaccines. This approach may provide a new strategy for the rational design of anti-angiogenic therapies for the treatment of solid tumors and provide a basis for the further exploitation and application of the anti-angiogenesis DNA vaccines.
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