ObjectiveMalnutrition is a common complication of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and it is the risk factor of CKD prognosis. This study aim to evaluate the nutritional status of inpatients with CKD by using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and to analyze the related factors of malnutrition; and to provide effective reference for early detection of malnutrition status in patients with CKD and timely nutrition intervention.MethodsA total of 426 patients (238 male patients, 188 female patients) aged 62.62 ± 14.61 and 61.14 ± 14.82, respectively admitted to the Nephrology Department of Wannan Medical College from February 2020 to December 2020 were selected and included in to this study by convenience sampling. 426 patients with CKD were evaluated by SGA. Human body weight, hemoglobin (Hb), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), pre-albumin (PA), qualitative analysis of urinary protein and other laboratory indexes were collected and measured. The correlation between malnutrition and age, education, gender, diet, CKD stage and other factors was analyzed by spearman correlation analysis.ResultsThe incidence of malnutrition was 85.7% among 426 patients with CKD. Gender, age, education level, CKD stage, diabetes mellitus, weight loss and reduced food intake were related to SGA nutritional assessment (P < 0.05). The expression levels of ALB, PA and Hb in the malnutrition group were significantly lower than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). The degree of malnutrition in CKD patients was significant negatively correlated with the expression levels of ALB (r = −0.188), PA (r = −0.262) and Hb (r = −0.176) (P < 0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis model showed that female (OR = 2.155), ≥60 years old (OR = 7.671), weight loss (OR = 10.691), reduced food intake (OR = 28.953), moderate and severe serum ALB expression (OR = 3.391 and 8.326) were risk factors for malnutrition in patients with CKD (P < 0.05). Malnutrition was correlated with the results of qualitative examination of urinary protein (r = 0.268, P < 0.05).ConclusionGender, age, weight loss, reduced food intake, serum ALB expression were independently associated with malnutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease, Hence, the medical staff should take timely and effective nutrition intervention for the patients with malnutrition, delay the renal function damage of patients with CKD and improve the quality of life of patients. Inpatients with CKD, especially women, should increase their dietary intake, maintain normal weight and improve their nutritional status.
Background. Plantar warts are a common cutaneous disease of the sole of the foot caused by human papillomavirus. Photodynamic therapy has gained increasing attention in the treatment of plantar warts. Objective. To investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy combined with transfer factor capsules in the treatment of multiple plantar warts. Methods. Sixty-one patients with multiple plantar warts who visited our outpatient department from September 2017 to August 2019 were randomly divided into two groups. Twenty-three patients received photodynamic therapy (treatment group) and thirty-eight received cryotherapy (control group). Both groups also received immune modulator transfer factor capsules. Skin lesion score, numeric rating scale- (NRS-) 10 score, recurrence rate, adverse reactions, and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were analyzed in both groups. Results. The mean skin lesion score improved from 13.39 ± 3.88 before treatment to 1.48 ± 2.50 after the last treatment in the treatment group and from 12.47 ± 2.99 before treatment to 4.47 ± 3.67 after the last treatment in the control group. The success rate after 3 months of treatment was 86.96% in the treatment group and 39.47% in the control group. After 3 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate was significantly lower in the treatment group (20%) than in the control group (53.33%). The mean DLQI score at three months after treatment was significantly lower in the treatment group ( 3.61 ± 1.16 ) than in the control group ( 6.31 ± 2.59 ). Conclusion. Photodynamic therapy combined with immunomodulators significantly increased the cure rate and reduced the recurrence rate of multiple plantar warts compared with traditional cryotherapy combined with immunomodulators.
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