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7terone ( 2 5 ) will prolong the life of certain adrenalectomized mammals including the ferret and the cat. Regardless of what prolongs the life of adrenalectomized pregnant females, it has been shown that adrenalectomizing the mother results in hypertrophy of the adrenals of fetuses(5,6). I t has also been found that the injection of adrenal cortical extracts into the mother will prevent these effects(6). These observations raise a question as to whether the same factors responsible for hypertrophy of fetal adrenals after adrenalectomizing the mother play a part in the compensatory hypertrophy noted in the unilaterally adrenalectomized fetuses of this present series. It is reasonable to assume that one factor in both these instances is the action of an adrenocorticotrophin. A number of recent observations point to the view that adrenocorticotrophin is produced by the hypophysis of the mammalian fetus( 7-12). Against this view is a recent report that in 24. Emery, F. E., and Schwabe, E. L., Endocrin-2.5. Gaunt, R., and Hayes, H. W., Am. 1. Physiol., ology, 1936Physiol., ology, , v2G, 550. 1938 immature rats subjected to injections of epinephrine or to cold the hypophysis does not release ACTH until the 8th day and 16th day, respectively, after birth(26). This report poses a question as to whether the eff ective adrenocorticotrophin might have come from the maternal hypophysis, the fetal hypophysis or, conceivably, the placenta. Also one has to consider the possibility of the direct effect of reduced quantities of adrenal cortical hormones upon the fetal adrenal. From the observations noted in this series, it is not possible to settle the matter, Conclusion. Subjection of the fetal rat to unilateral adrenalectomy causes a compensatory hypertrophy of the intact adrenal. Manifestations of this include an increased volume of the gland and an increased size of cells of all cortical zones, Those cells at both borders of the intermediate zone show an increased vacuolation, suggesting that the zone had been widened by the metamorphosis of cells at these borders.The presence of arteriovenous (A-V) shunts bypassing the capillary circulation in the human lung has been suspected from studies on blood gas analyses( l ) , the passage of certain parasites through the lung(2), and the formation of telangectasis( 2 ) and arteriovenous aneurysms (3-6) within the lung.

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To determine durational differences between vowel and nasal segments preceding word-final /t/ and /d/, spectrograms were made of adult speakers' productions of minimal pairs of the type /pεent/-/pεnd/. Vowel, nasal, and vowel plus nasal (vocalic nucleus) durations were greater before /d/ than before /t/. Assuming the voiceless context as a base, the increase in nasal duration in the voiced case was proportionately greater than the increase in vowel duration. This outcome suggests that nasal duration is a more powerful cue to the voicing characteristic of the following consonant than is vowel duration. To test this, adult listeners were presented synthetic CVNC utterances in which the nasal and vowel segments were independently varied in duration over a range of 40 msec to 200 msec and were instructed to label the final stop consonant as either voiced /d/ or voiceless /t/. Although changes in both vowel and nasal duration were sufficient to cue both voiced and voiceless judgments, listeners' categorization of final consonants shifted more rapidly as a result of varying nasal rather than vowel duration. Nasal duration, therefore, appears to be a stronger cue than vowel duration for the word-final voiced-voiceless consonant distinction in CVNC utterances.

239presumed to contain the major portion of antibodies.1. Total protein, albumin, and 5 globulin fractions were determined by electrophoresis in the plasma of samples of cord blood and of venous blood from 11 women whose pregnan'cies were uncomplicated. Similar samples were obtained for electrophoretic analysis from 2 1 women whose pregnancies were complicated by toxemia of pregnancy and other diseases. 2. For the samples representing uncomplicated pregnancy total protein values for venous blood were higher than for cord blood. Greater average amounts of albumin and gamma globulin were found in cord blood than in the corresponding venous blood, coincident with lesser amounts of alpha, beta, and phi globulins. 3. In complicated pregnancies the ranges for total plasma pratein in venous and cord blood were lower than for the normal group. Ranges of values for serum protein (calculated as pliasma minus fibrinogen) fractions in cord blood following complicated pregnancies were, in general, higher far albumin and gamma globulin and lower for alpha, beta, and phi globulins than the ranges for venous blood.Summary.