). However, some people have personality traits that impede their ability to participate in and benefit from stable, positive, and satisfying relationships. Life is difficult for such people. Being disconnected from others creates psychopathology by thwarting a basic need for close relationships.Perfectionism is a personality trait robustly associated with both social problems and psychopathology. The social disconnection model (SDM;Hewitt, Flett, Sherry, & Caelian, 2006) is an integrative theoretical framework clarifying how perfectionism generates psychopathology through negative social behaviors (e.g., conflictual interactions), cognitions (e.g., seeing others as disappointed), and outcomes (e.g., romantic breakups). In the present chapter, our goal is to articulate an expanded SDM that addresses limitations of the original formulation of this model. We also present two case studies illustrating how the expanded SDM is applicable to two well-known perfectionists: Sylvia Plath and Steve Jobs. But first, we define perfectionism, outline the original SDM, and discuss research supporting it.

We demonstrated that high enhancement-motivated drinkers exhibit a high, stable drinking level, regardless of the intensity of their high-arousal positive mood. In contrast, low enhancement-motivated drinkers decrease their drinking when in a high-arousal positive mood state. Clinicians may be able to help reduce heavy alcohol consumption in enhancement-motivated drinkers by teaching them to reduce their drinking when in a high-arousal positive mood state.

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Research at York St John (RaY) is an institutional repository. It supports the principles of open access by making the research outputs of the University available in digital form.

The intergenerational transmission of perfectionism: Fathers' other-oriented perfectionism and daughters' perceived psychological control uniquely predict daughters' selfcritical and personal standards perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 119. pp. 242-248.

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The perfectionism model of binge eating (PMOBE) posits perfectionistic concerns are a vulnerability factor for binge eating. And evidence indicates perfectionistic concerns and binge eating correlate positively. Yet the direction of this relationship is unclear. In particular, it is unclear if perfectionistic concerns represent an antecedent of binge eating (a vulnerability effect with perfectionistic concerns predicting increases in binge eating), a consequence of binge eating (a complication effect with binge eating predicting increases in perfectionistic concerns), or both (reciprocal relations with perfectionistic concerns predicting increases in binge eating and vice versa). To address these questions, we studied 200 undergraduate women using a 4-week, 4-wave cross-lagged design. Consistent with the PMOBE, perfectionistic concerns predicted increased binge eating (vulnerability effect). Conversely, binge eating did not predict increased perfectionistic concerns (complication effect). Findings support the long-held theory that perfectionistic concerns are part of the premorbid personality of women vulnerable to binge eating.

The present study bridges an important gap between theory and evidence. Results support cognitive behavioral theories and extend cross-sectional research asserting catastrophizing of bodily sensations maintains health-related anxiety over time. A cyclical, self-perpetuating pattern was observed in the present study wherein catastrophizing of bodily sensations and health-related anxiety contribute to one another over time. Results also suggest targeting catastrophizing of bodily sensations may reduce health-related anxiety.