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Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents and antioxidant potential of Santolina chamaecyparissus polyphenolic extract (SCPE). Materials and Methods: The extract containing phenolic compounds, was extracted with ethyl acetate and luteolin-7-O-glucoside was separated and purified using flash chromatography on silica gel column. This isolated compound was identified according to its physicochemical properties and spectral data (UV, LC-TOF-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 2D NMR). In vitro antioxidant activity of the isolated compound and SCPE was investigated using DPPH•, ABTS+, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays.

The exerted effects on neutrophil functions support the anti-inflammatory activity and show new mechanisms of action and effectiveness of S. chamaecyparissus leaf extracts. This plant may be considered as an interesting source of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents.

The antioxidative activity of Cleome arabica L. leaf extract was studied toward superoxide anion radical generating systems. The extract at 10 mg=ml has no scavenger effect on superoxide anion radicals generated by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, as determined by either the reduction of cytochrome c or pholasin luminescence. Also, this extract, up to 50 mg=ml, did not affect the uric acid production by xanthine oxidase. However, the extract showed a great inhibition activity, in a dose-dependent manner, of neutrophil pholasin luminescence stimulated by formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP). Indeed, the inhibition of pholasin luminescence was 80.22 AE 2.9%, 90.22 AE 4.0%, and 101.0 AE 1.0% in presence of the extract at concentrations of 1, 2, and 10 mg=ml, respectively. Thereby, it is likely that Cleome arabica leaf extract showed an inhibitory effect on enzyme(s) involved in signaling pathways of fMLP-stimulated neutrophils. Effectively, the extract exerted a significant inhibitory effect (p < 0.05), in a dose-dependent manner, on elastase release by fMLP/ cytochalasin B-stimulated neutrophils.