The purpose of this paper is to extend theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model by focussing on intention-action gap, which is considered by academic researchers as under-researched area. It further examines the moderating role of entrepreneurial motivation between intention and behaviour (action) to enhance predictability of TPB on senior level engineering students in Pakistan. Survey conducted with 448 engineering students from four major engineering institutions for data collection. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and partial least square (PLS) method has been employed for analysing PLS path modelling, hypotheses testing, mediation and moderation analysis. Results reveal that attitude and perceived behaviour control are positively related to entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) and predictors of EIs have an overall variance of 48% in EIs. Entrepreneurial motivation significantly effects intention-behaviour link in TPB which is novel finding in extension of TPB. This is the first study of its kind which explains intention-action gap and include entrepreneurial motivation in TPB as researchers considered longitudinal studies appropriate to investigate intention-action gap. Results reinforced the idea of incorporation of supporting constructs in TPB. Conceptual model contributes theoretically to the existing framework of TPB by enhancing predictive power for better understanding of entrepreneurial behavioural development. Study provide base for future studies on intention-behaviour link in TPB to explain entrepreneurial behaviour for application in various perspectives.

Purpose The cultural transformation introduces team orientation as a powerful tool to reconfigure the human capital to become more productive. The purpose of this paper is to try to uncover two folds: first is to check the direct effects of employees’ work engagement and rational psychological contract on contextual performance and job satisfaction and second is to investigate the moderating effect of team orientation in-between above-stated relationships. Design/methodology/approach The self-administrated questionnaires and simple random sampling are used to collect data from 380 employees of banking and insurance sector. Findings The findings reveal that work engagement and relational psychological contract have positive relationships with employees’ contextual performance and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the presence of team orientation has strengthened effect on direct existing relationships. Practical implications This study adds the body of knowledge by providing insights into team orientation in different avenues. For practice side, it is important to discourse the work engagement of employee and their relational psychological contract to enhance the contextual performance. Moreover, high work engagement leads to high commitment level and ultimately increases the level of job satisfaction. Originality/value The contemporary research is lacking with respect to the empirical investigation of team orientation, more particularly, in relationship to human psychology factors. This unique model is addressing the real time issue by providing insights to relational psychological contract, employees work engagement, contextual performance and job satisfaction.

Understanding of intrapreneurship as a phenomenon is somewhat fragmented and inconsistent especially in the case of engineers or engineering firms. This paper seeks to assess the relevant intellectual territory of intrapreneurship or corporate entrepreneurship (CE) by taking a systematic review of relevant research to collect insights into research linking intrapreneurship with engineering firms. The purpose of the systematic review is to identify key concepts in intrapreneurial research with regard to engineers or engineering firms as deliberated by researchers in literature. This systematic literature review (SLR) found that the academic interest of researchers on intrapreneurship has increased over the last decade with a diverse focus. Based on the findings of the review, this study has suggested various areas for future research on the conceptual framework of intrapreneurship, relationship of intrapreneurship with corporate performance, and intrapreneurship for engineers.

Purpose -The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of infrastructure for and in ascertaining captivations of foreign direct investment (FDI). This work aims to investigate the effects of host country's infrastructure availability along with exchange rate and market size on inflows of FDI towards Pakistan.Design/methodology/approach -This study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration and an error correction model based on ARDL approach using time series data for the period 1975-2008 in case of Pakistan.Findings -This paper reveals a strong positive impact of infrastructure in attracting foreign direct investment, in short and in long run, in case of Pakistan.Practical implications -The findings can be used to help out government policy makers on FDI as well as are equally important for international financial lender/donor agencies and countries interested in rehabilitation activities of flood-affected areas with special reference to infrastructure and FDI while extending financing facilities to Pakistan.Originality/value -This study contributes in the following manner: first, it gives better impending and understanding for decision making about foreign direct investment in Pakistan. Second, it is the first effort that an exclusive study on FDI with special reference to infrastructure made in Pakistan. Third, it depicts the closer relationship between FDI attractiveness and infrastructure availability.

Employee green behavior is a kind of environmentally friendly working environment that forms a key foundation for the execution of a company's current plan for sustainable growth. How does the pro-environmental attitude of an employee affect how they do their activities? We investigated the connection between the pro-environmental attitudes and employee green behavior and the functions of encouraging motivational states and green work climate perceptions in order to obtain an answer to this issue. The results show that the employee green behavior of employees was favorably linked and mediated by controlled and autonomous motivations with environmental views. Furthermore, this research found that green work climate perceptions have moderating role on both controlled and autonomous motivations. Finally, we examine the theoretical and practical implications of our results.