Purpose -The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of infrastructure for and in ascertaining captivations of foreign direct investment (FDI). This work aims to investigate the effects of host country's infrastructure availability along with exchange rate and market size on inflows of FDI towards Pakistan.Design/methodology/approach -This study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration and an error correction model based on ARDL approach using time series data for the period 1975-2008 in case of Pakistan.Findings -This paper reveals a strong positive impact of infrastructure in attracting foreign direct investment, in short and in long run, in case of Pakistan.Practical implications -The findings can be used to help out government policy makers on FDI as well as are equally important for international financial lender/donor agencies and countries interested in rehabilitation activities of flood-affected areas with special reference to infrastructure and FDI while extending financing facilities to Pakistan.Originality/value -This study contributes in the following manner: first, it gives better impending and understanding for decision making about foreign direct investment in Pakistan. Second, it is the first effort that an exclusive study on FDI with special reference to infrastructure made in Pakistan. Third, it depicts the closer relationship between FDI attractiveness and infrastructure availability.

Abstract. In recent years, strategies based on combination of multiple classifiers have created great interest in the character recognition research community. A huge number of complex and sophisticated decision combination strategies have been explored by researchers. However, it has been realized recently that the comparatively simple Majority Voting System and its variations can achieve very robust and often comparable, if not better, performance than many of these complex systems. In this paper, a review of various Majority Voting Systems and their variations are discussed, and a comparative study of some of these methods is presented for a typical character recognition task.

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