The infrared spectroscopy was applied on kernels of the following maize inbred lines with significant traits: ZPPL 186, ZPPL 225 and M1-3-3 Sdms, with the aim to determine structural properties of organic compounds and their unstable state. The set hypothesis was that it was necessary to observe the existence of numerous and different spectral bands, not studied so far, occurring in various patterns (bands of low intensity, single or grouped) and to explain the nature and the dynamics of their formation. Such spectral bands were observed in the wave number range of 400-2925 cm -1 and are caused by the different types of vibration movements (valence and deformation vibrations) of organic compounds: alkenes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, amides, alkanes, nitro compounds, ketones, aldehydes, alkynes, nitriles and phenols. In this way, it is possible to establish not only the structure of organic compounds of kernels of observed maize inbred lines, but also it is possible to point out to their unstable, conformational and functional properties. The importance of intensity, shape and kinetics of spectral bands, expressing unstable processes in biological systems and bioactive organic molecules, has been studied and emphasised for the first time.
This study conforms our hypothesis that there are elite maize inbred lines, which can be considered actual and prestigious as they have not only a property of the water status and a greater grain dry down rate during the maturation period, but also a property of the efficient photosynthetic-fluorescence model that is successfully used in the contemporary processes of breeding, and thereby in the development of new and yielding maize hybrids. Presented results obtained on the dynamics of grain dry down during the maturation period and on photosynthetic-fluorescence parameters (temperature dependence of the chlorophyll delayed fluorescence intensity, the Arrhenius plot for the determination of critical temperatures, i.e. phase transition temperatures and the activation energy) show that properties of the observed inbreeds are based on effects and nature of conformational and functional changes occurring in their thylakoid membranes and other chemical structures of grain tissues. Summarized results of studies on actual and prestigious properties of maize inbreeds will contribute to more exact, rational and expeditious proceedings of contemporary processes of breeding
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