C(16)-methyl substitution, interfering with protein binding, and halogenation, seem to reduce the allergenicity of corticosteroid molecules. Hence, when indicated, C(16)-methylated corticosteroids should be preferentially prescribed.

No abstract

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rumenic acid (RmA), and punicic acid (PunA) are claimed to influence several physiological functions including insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, we investigated the combined effect of ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA on subjects at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Twenty-four women and men were randomly assigned to two groups. Each day, they consumed two eggs enriched with oleic acid (control group) or enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA, and PunA (test group) for 3 months. The waist circumference decreased significantly (-3.17 cm; p < 0.001) in the test group. There were no major changes in plasma insulin and blood glucose in the two groups. The dietary treatments had no significant effect on endothelial function as measured by peripheral arterial tonometry, although erythrocyte nitrosylated hemoglobin concentrations tended to decrease. The high consumption of eggs induced significant elevations in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p < 0.001), which did not result in any change in the LDL/HDL ratio in both groups. These results indicate that consumption of eggs enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA resulted in favorable changes in abdominal obesity without affecting other factors of the metabolic syndrome.

A performant method for the simultaneous quantification of daidzein, genistein, formononetin, and biochanin A in forages using an UPLC ® -MS/MS was developed and fully validated. The ultrasound-assisted extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis used in the sample preparation step were optimized using the Box-Behnken experimental design. The optimal extraction conditions used for a representative mix of forage plants were 80 °C, 10 min, and 55 % methanol, and for hydrolysis, they were 20 °C, 18 h, and pH = 6. The chromatographic separation was achieved using an Acquity UPLC ® HSS T3 column, with a water/ methanol linear gradient containing 0.01 % of formic acid at a 0.55 mL min -1 flow rate. The four isoflavones were detected by ESI mass spectrometry in positive ion MRM mode. The method allows high throughput analyses of samples and showed an adequate linear regression model for all isoflavones over a range from 5 to 125 ng mL -1 . There were good intra-and interday precisions (≤8.2 and ≤7.6 %) and accuracy (≤11.4 and ≤7.1 %). The recovery rates were in an acceptable range of 70-120 %, except for biochanin A, where the rate was about 50 %. Good method repeatability was also observed, and there was no matrix effect or carryover problem. The sample extracts were stable for at least 6 days of storage at -21 and 6 °C. The method proved to be sensitive, precise, and accurate for discriminating a wide variety of forages likely to be grazed by ruminants according to their isoflavone contents and to observe the impact of storage process on isoflavone content in forages.formononetin, and biochanin A in forages silages originating from three different meadows. This development is part of a larger study on the metabolization of the biomolecules of interest and the potential accumulation of metabolites such equol in milk [15,16]. Materials and Methods Chemicals and ReagentsA freeze dried forage sample containing six plants (Trifolium pratense L., Trifolium repens L., Medicago sativa L., Lotus corniculatus L., Medicago lupulina L, and Lolium perenne L.; 1:1:1:1:1:1, w/w/w/w/w/w) was mixed with flaxseed meal [4:1, w/w; 93.7 ± 0.1 % dry matter). Formononetin 'FO' (CAS number: 485-72-3), biochanin A 'BA' (491-80-5), genistein 'GE' (446-72-0), and flavone 'IS' (525-82-6) were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (Diegem, Belgium). Daidzein 'DA' (486-66-8) was acquired from Cayman Europe (Tallinn, Estonia). Daidzeind 4 (1219803-57-2) was purchased from C/D/N ISOTOPES (Pointe-Claire, Canada). Individual molecule stock solutions (100 µg mL -1 ) were prepared in methanol and stored at -20 °C in the dark. β-Glucosidase (from almonds, ≥6 U rng -1 , 9001-22-3), β-glucuronidase (type H-2 from Helix pomatia, ≥ 85000 units mL -1 , 9001-45-0), and cellulase (from Aspergillus niger, ≥0.3 units mg -1 , 9012-54-8) were bought from Sigma-Adlrich (Diegem, Belgium). Sodium acetate (127-09-3) was obtained from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Throughout the study, the powder enzymes and Helix pomatia juice were dissolved in different proportions of 0.2-M sodium ace...

The aim of this study was to find if fast microwave-assisted extraction could be an alternative to the conventional Soxhlet extraction for the quantification of rotenone in yam bean seeds by SPE and HPLC-UV. For this purpose, an experimental design was used to determine the optimal conditions of the microwave extraction. Then the values of the quantification on three accessions from two different species of yam bean seeds were compared using the two different kinds of extraction. A microwave extraction of 11 min at 55°C using methanol/dichloromethane (50:50) allowed rotenone extraction either equivalently or more efficiently than the 8-h-Soxhlet extraction method and was less sensitive to moisture content. The selectivity, precision, trueness, accuracy, and limit of quantification of the method with microwave extraction were also demonstrated.

No abstract