This study aimed at evaluating live performance and carcass yield of broilers fed vegetarian diets or containing different animal byproduct meals after 8 days of age. In the experiment, 1080 one-day-old male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 6 treatments with 6 replicates. Diets were based on corn and soybean meal, and included or not animal meals, maintaining constant levels of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, and sodium) and amino acids (methionine, cystine, lysine, and threonine), The following treatments were applied: T1. Control (corn and soybean diet); T2. Inclusion of 5% meat and bone meal (MBM); T3. Inclusion of 5% blood meal (BM); T4. Inclusion of 5% feather meal (FM); T5. Inclusion of 5% poultry offal meal (OM); T6. Combination of meat and bone meal, feather meal, offal meal, and blood meal. Broiler weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, livability and carcass yield were evaluated. At 35 days of age, it was verified that the combination of the four animal meals compromised weight gain. Broiler performance at 42 days of age was influenced by treatments, and the worst weight gain and true feed conversion were observed in birds fed diets with the combination of the four animal meals. The inclusion of 5% BM negatively affected the weight gain. It is concluded that MBM, FM, and OM inclusion can be individually used with no negative influence on broiler performance or carcass yield. In addition, it reduces feed costs

Performance and meat chemical composition of quails fed with different sorghum levels instead of corn.Ciência Rural, v.46, n.5, mai, 2016.

This study evaluated the effects of millet and corn oil additions to sorghum-based diets on the performance, carcass yields and prime cuts (i.e., wings, breasts, thighs and drumsticks) and the relative weights of edible offal (i.e., gizzard, heart, and liver)

RESUMO.Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa survey sobre o comportamento dos alunos de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia como consumidor de carne suína, visto que são formadores de opinião acerca do tema para a população em geral. Para avaliar a opinião dos alunos, foi elaborado um questionário com 30 perguntas fechadas, semiabertas e dicotômicas que levaram questões sobre o conhecimento dos entrevistados a respeito da carne suína e suas preferências, definindo seu perfil. Os resultados indicam que apesar de aceitarem bem o produto por seu sabor e preço acessível, os estudantes ainda rejeitam a carne suína baseados em preconceitos e mitos, como condições sanitárias e higiênicas inadequadas na cadeia produtiva da suinocultura e altos índices de gordura e colesterol com risco à saúde dos consumidores. Campanhas de marketing, palestras, eventos científicos e ênfase nas disciplinas dentro do currículo destes alunos devem ser pensadas focando nesse público específico ao longo de todo o curso, pois com as informações corretas, os futuros profissionais ajudarão a disseminar as melhorias do agronegócio neste setor, auxiliando na desmistificação da carne suína, elucidando a população e possivelmente, auxiliando no aumento do seu consumo.Palavras chave: carne in natura, hábitos de consumo, perfil, suinocultura Veterinary Medicine students as consumers of pork in Uberlândia, Brazil ABSTRACT. This article presents a survey on the behavior of students of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia as consumers of pork, since they are opinion leaders on the subject for the general population. To evaluate the students' opinions, we designed a questionnaire with 30 closed questions, which led semi-open and dichotomous questions about the knowledge of respondents about the pork and preferences, setting your profile. The results indicate that although the product is accepted for its taste and affordable price, the students still reject pork-based prejudices and myths, such as sanitation and inadequate hygiene in the production chain of swine and high fat and high cholesterol health risk to consumers. Marketing campaigns, lectures, scientific meetings and focus on subjects within the curriculum of these students should be thought of focusing on this specific audience throughout the course, as with the correct information, future professionals will help spread improvements in the agribusiness sector, assisting in the demystification of pork, elucidating the population and possibly aiding in the increase of its consumption.

Background and Aim: Broiler meat is susceptible to lipid oxidation due to its high content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially when stored for a long time. Concerning with that problem, we can add natural compounds to the animal feed, as the plant essential oils, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, and chemical composition of the meat of broilers fed with diets containing different essential oil, including lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) and pedestrian tea (Lippia aff. rotundifolia). Materials and Methods: The experimental design used was a 4×4 factorial scheme (storage time×diets), and each treatment was repeated thrice. The treatments were applied as negative control (without antimicrobial); positive control (ration supplemented with 10 ppm of enramycin and 42 ppm of salinomycin), lemongrass (ration with 120 mg of essential oil of lemongrass for each kilogram of live weight of the animals), and pedestrian tea (ration with 120 mg of essential oil of pedestrian tea for each kilogram of live weight of the animals). Storage was performed after slaughter and evaluated monthly for 4 months. Results: The inclusion of lemongrass oil and pedestrian tea in the broiler diet did not change the ether extract content of the meat sample obtained from thigh and drumstick. The storage time promotes an increase in the moisture loss of the meat from the 2nd month in all treatments. There was an interaction between the additive and storage time for moisture loss. In the 2nd month of storage, the meat from broilers fed the antibiotic-containing feed had a lower moisture loss than those from broilers in the other treatment groups. The fatty acid profile did not differ statistically between the different treatment groups. The inclusion of additives in the food dropped the lipid oxidation at the 2nd month of storage. From the 3rd month, however, only the essential oils showed antioxidant effect. Conclusion: Antioxidant activity was positive for treatments that included essential oils. The lemongrass oil and pedestrian tea can be used as antioxidant additives in broiler diets to improve the oxidative stability of thigh-drumstick meat during storage. The results of the study suggest a good prospective for further research with profitability of usage essentials oils examined, for their economical application as feed components in broiler nutrition.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nutritional plans on the body temperature and organ biometrics in male and female broilers, of two ages. Here, 1,700 birds were used (850 males and 850 females) in a completely randomized design composed of five treatments (-3%, -1.5%, reference, + 1.5% and + 3%), with 10 repetitions, totaling 50 experimental units; the reference treatment based on nutritional and energy levels indicated in previous studies was calculated from this. At 35 and 42 d, the temperatures of the wing, head, shin, back, and cloaca in males and females were measured separately, and the average surface and body temperature were calculated. At 42 d, relative weights of the gizzard, liver, heart, and small intestine were calculated. The temperatures of the wings, back, and cloaca, and consequently the average surface temperature and body temperatures, were not affected by nutritional plans. Effects of increasing the nutritional and energy levels were observed on liver weights, the gizzard, and the small intestine. We conclude that the nutritional plans did not affect body temperature. Males had higher body temperatures than females. Body temperature increased with increase in age, and the increase in the nutritional plans increased liver weight and reduced the gizzard weights. Key words: Animal nutrition, body temperature, digestive system, poultry ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a temperatura corporal e o peso relativo de órgãos em frangos de corte, machos e fêmeas, em duas idades, submetidos a diferentes planos nutricionais. Foram utilizadas 1700 aves (850 machos e 850 fêmeas) distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto de cinco tratamentos (-3%, -1.5%, referência, +1.5% e +3%) com 10 repetições, totalizando 50 unidades experimentais; sendo o tratamento referência baseado nos níveis nutricionais e energéticos recomendados por Rostagno et al. (2011) e os demais calculados a partir deste. Aos 35 e 42 dias de idade foram mensuradas as temperaturas da asa, cabeça, canela, dorso e da cloaca nos machos e fêmeas separadamente, e após calculou-se a temperatura superficial média e corporal. Aos 42 dias de idade também foram calculados os pesos relativos da moela, fígado, coração e intestino delgado. As temperaturas de asa, dorso e cloaca não foram afetadas pelos planos nutricionais, e consequentemente as temperaturas superficial média e corporal. Observou-se efeito do aumento dos níveis nutricionais e energéticos nos pesos do fígado, moela e do intestino delgado. Conclui-se que os planos nutricionais não influenciaram a temperatura corporal. Os machos apresentaram maior temperatura corporal que as fêmeas. A temperatura corporal se elevou conforme aumentou a idade. O aumento dos planos nutricionais aumentou o peso do fígado e reduziu o peso da moela.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the digestibility, economic efficiency, and composition of breast muscle in broiler chickens fed with a diet containing corn oil as an alternative replacement to soybean oil. We evaluated feed digestibility, crude protein (CP), ethereal extract (EE), apparent metabolizable energy (AME), and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) during two periods (17-21 and 31-35 days of age). An analysis of breast composition, feed cost (Yi), economic efficiency index (EEI), and cost index (CI) for live weight of the animal and carcass between the two oil sources was also carried out. The design was completely randomized in a 2×2 factorial design with two ingredients (soybean oil and corn oil) and two periods (17-21 and 31-35 days). Digestibility tests were performed with four replicates per treatment and two birds per pen, and tests of breast muscle composition were made with six replicates. There was an interaction between diet and age for digestibility of CP (P < 0.05), which was higher (P < 0.05) at 17-21 days using soybean oil. The digestibility of the feed was higher (P < 0.05) at 31-35 days compared to 17-21 days. The digestibility of EE was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatment or age. The use of corn oil resulted in higher (P < 0.05) AME in 17-21 day olds, and higher AME and AMEn in 31-35 day olds; there was no difference (P > 0.05) in AMEn among 17-21 day olds. In breast composition, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in deposition of EE. For CP level and dry matter (DM), corn oil showed better values, while for breast moisture, soybean oil resulted in higher levels of moisture compared to corn oil (P < 0.05). The economic viability analysis favored soybean oil. Our results suggested that corn oil can replace soybean oil in diets formulated with sorghum, since it has higher apparent metabolizable energy and resulted in better breast composition. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a digestibilidade, eficiência econômica e composição do músculo do peito de frangos de corte alimentados com ração contendo óleo de milho como alternativa de substituição ao óleo de soja. Foi avaliado a digestibilidade da ração, da proteína bruta (PB), do extrato etéreo (EE); energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn); em dois períodos (17-21 e 31-35 dias). A análise da composição do músculo do peito, o custo da ração (Yi), índice de eficiência econômica (IEE) e índice de custo (IC) para peso vivo do animal e da carcaça entre as fontes lipídicas foi realizada no final da criação. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 com dois ingredientes (óleo soja e óleo milho) e em dois períodos (17-21 e 31-35 dias). A digestibilidade foi realizada com quatro repetições por tratamento com duas aves por unidade experimental e para a composição do musculo do peito foi feito seis repetições por tratamento. Houve interação dieta e idade para a digestibilidade da PB (P < 0,05), que foi...