The evolution of e-commerce has contributed to the increase of the information available, making the task of analyzing the reviews manually almost impossible. Due to the amount of information, the creation of automatic methods of knowledge extraction and data mining has become necessary. Currently, to facilitate the analysis of reviews, some websites use filters such as votes by the utility or by stars. However, the use of these filters is not a good practice because they may exclude reviews that have recently been submitted to the voting process. One possible solution is to filter the reviews based on their textual descriptions, author information, and other measures. This chapter has a propose of approaches to estimate the importance of reviews about products and services using fuzzy systems and artificial neural networks. The results were encouraging, obtaining better results when detecting the most important reviews, achieving approximately 82% when f-measure is analyzed.
Abstract-Author reputation is a very important variable for evaluating web comments. However, there is no formal definition for calculating its value. This paper presents an adaptation of the approach presented by Sousa (2015) for evaluating the importance of comments about products and services available online, emphasizing measures of author reputation. The implemented adaptation consists in defining six measures for authors, used as input in a Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network. On a preliminary evaluation, the Neural Network presented an accuracy of 91.01% on the author classification process. Additionally, an experiment was conduced aiming to compare both approaches, and the results show that the adapted approach had better performance in classifying the importance of comments.
This paper analyzes the substantial performance, called in Brazil "adimplemento substancial", in the execution of the contracts. The main objective is to define and examine which are the main factors that are involved in the emergence of the legal figure and its effects. After a historical insertion of the figure in the Roman system, the equivalent figure, the so-called "substantial performance", was presented in Anglo-American Law, investigating its characteristics in the Common Law system. Also, it was presented the actuality of this figure in Brazilian Law. In effect, the issue of substantial compliance lies in the topic of termination of obligations and applies in large part to contracts. The theme comprises a number of points: the concept of obligation as a process, the role of the principle of objective good faith in the contractual field, the functionalization of credit law and the interest of the debtor and the influence of the figure of abuse of the right, in addition to theory of cause, as an economic-social function of the contract.Focusing on the figure of substantial performance in the field of contracts, were pointed out its incidence and its effects. The principle of objective good faith has a strong influence on substantial compliance, since by this principle the contracts are fulfilled even if imperfectly. From an original perspective of the thesis, the elements for the identification of substantial compliance were presented, namely, the substantiality of the performance actually performed; satisfaction of the creditor's interest, despite the imperfect performance; diligence of the debtor in the performance of the performance, ie, no fault of the debtor in executing the contract; proportionality in measuring the amount paid by the debtor; and insignificance or little importance than the debtor failed to provide. In another step, questions were raised about substantive compliance: substantive compliance and legal certainty; substantial performance and prohibition of unjust enrichment; and finally, the substantial increase and abuse of rights. It should be noted that abuse of rights applies to cases of credit rights. In fact, in certain legal relations, one of the parties exercises a right, so that it clearly exceeds the limits imposed by the legal business, according to its economic or social purpose, objective good faith or good customs. Among these questions on this subject, it was inquired whether substantial compliance meets the requirements of mandatory compliance, without unjust enrichment of the party fulfilling the contractual obligations and without abuse in the exercise of this right. In addition, it was shown the scope of this legal figure, regarding the stages not only of formation and execution of the contract, as well as of its evident extinction generating contractual responsibility or not, concluding that the substantial compliance extinguishes the contract, although it is admitted which may be of little importance. Finally, it was shown how the application of the theory of substan...
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