Coral reefs interference by multiple threats from local and global source. The aggregate effects of local stressors such as tourism activity, pollution, overfishing, and coral harvesting can decrease resilience of the reefs. Furthermore, increased ocean temperatures, changing ocean chemistry, and sea level rise are the greatest global threats to coral reef ecosystems. The objective of this work is to assess coral reefs ecosystem degradation at Nusa Penida (NP), Bali. In this works, monitoring of coral reef ecosystem was conduct by transect photographs on May and October 2018. We observed the evidence of coral reefs degradation in the site, particularly on the northern and southern reefs area. We also found that algal cover much higher than our previous monitoring activities, linked to higher coral mortality at these locations.
Abstract. The annual growth of Porites coral is represented by a pair of high-and low-density bands. Environmental changes in the ambient waters influence the pattern of these annual density bands. Five colonies of Porites corals from Nusa Penida, Bali were investigated to analyze their annual linear growth rates using coral densitometry. From the analysis it was found that the annual linear growth rates of the colonies varied between 0.8924 to 1.0012 cm/yr. The trends of the colonies growth rates also varied. Two colonies showed a decreasing trend, while the others showed an increasing trend. The annual linear growth rates of most of the colonies were not influenced by sea surface temperature (SST); only one out of five colonies had a significant correlation with SST (R = 0.66, p-value < 0.05).
Perairan pesisir Desa Kerobokan memiliki wilayah terumbu karang yang penting karena terdapat spot rekrutmen sebagai wilayah terumbu buatan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi karang pada terumbu buatan alami "Bioreeftek" di salah satu spot perairan pesisir Desa Kerobokan, Kecamatan Sawan, Kabupaten Buleleng, Provinsi Bali.Metode penelitian yang diaplikasikan adalah observasi dengan sensus visual dengan kamera bawah air dan peralatan selam SCUBA pada enam unit terumbu buatan. Pengambilan data observasi dilakukan pada September 2020. Total rekrutmen karang yang ditemukan sebanyak sembilan jenis biota pada terumbu buatan B1-B6 (B=Bioreeftek), yaitu Podobacia sp, Sponge, Atriolum robustum, Favites sp, Gorgonia sp, Porites sp, Diploastrea sp, Coralline algae dan Pocillopora damicornis. Indeks Keanekaragaman tertinggi B3 = 3,4; Indeks Keseragaman tertinggi B3 = 2, 48; Indeks Dominansi tertinggi B5 = 0,68. Biota yang paling banyak ditemukan pada terumbu buatan B1-B6 adalah Coralline algae dan karang Scleractinia dari jenis Favites sp. Kondisi kualitas air di perairan Buleleng menunjukan kondisi normaldan masih berada pada standar baku yang ditetapkan oleh Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 Tahun 2004, kecuali konsentrasi nutrien.
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